Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

Before accessing a central venous catheter, what should the nurse do to prevent infection?

1. AScrub the hub with an antiseptic such as chlorhexidine and let it dry
2. BBlow on the hub to remove any dust before connecting the syringe or line
3. CTouch the hub to check it is clean
4. DRinse the hub with tap water and dry it

Which patient is the best choice for the room closest to the nurses’ station?

1. AA confused older adult at high risk of falls
2. BA young adult waiting for discharge tomorrow
3. CA patient with stable diabetes who walks independently
4. DA patient admitted for a planned scan, feeling well

Which measure is part of the bundle for inserting a central venous catheter to prevent bloodstream infection?

1. AChoosing the femoral vein as the first site in adults
2. BRoutine replacement of the catheter on a fixed schedule, such as every three days
3. CGiving antibiotics to every patient before insertion
4. DChlorhexidine-alcohol skin antisepsis and maximal sterile barrier precautions

A nurse finds a patient lying on the floor next to the bed. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALift the patient back into bed with a colleague
2. BComplete an incident report while the details are fresh
3. CTelephone the family to tell them about the fall
4. DAssess the patient for injury before moving them

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

1. AThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
2. BAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
3. CUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit
4. DThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2.3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BImmune thrombocytopenia
3. CVitamin K deficiency
4. DHemophilia A

Sebelum memberi penyekat beta, pemerhatian manakah yang paling penting untuk disemak?

1. AKadar jantung dan tekanan darah
2. BPergerakan usus
3. CSuhu sahaja
4. DGlukosa darah sahaja

Why must blood samples for a cross-match be labelled at the bedside immediately after they are taken?

1. ATo prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions
2. BTo speed up the laboratory's computer system and reduce the waiting time
3. CTo let the patient sign the label
4. DTo keep the sample warm so the cells do not break down in transit

Tekanan darah seorang pesakit ialah 200/125 mmHg dengan kekeliruan baharu dan penglihatan kabur. Bagaimanakah ia biasanya diturunkan?

1. ADengan tablet oral baharu dan semakan dalam seminggu
2. BDengan ubat IV yang dititrasi, sehingga kira-kira 25% dalam jam pertama
3. CSecepat mungkin, kepada nilai normal dalam masa beberapa minit
4. DTidak langsung, kerana otak kini bergantung pada tekanan yang tinggi

A patient who injects drugs has a fever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages. Before antibiotics are started, what is most important?

1. ATake a single blood culture from the cannula
2. BTake several sets of blood cultures from separate sites
3. CArrange an exercise ECG test
4. DWait for an echocardiogram before taking any samples

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. ACheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
2. BKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
3. CStop all insulin until normal eating restarts
4. DAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting

Seorang pesakit yang pulih daripada nekrosis tubul akut memasuki fasa poliurik, mengeluarkan lebih 4 L air kencing sehari. Apakah kebimbangan kejururawatan utama?

1. ADehidrasi dengan kalium dan natrium rendah
2. BHipoglisemia akibat insulin berlebihan
3. CRetensi air kencing dalam pundi kencing yang mengembung
4. DLebihan cecair dengan aras kalium tinggi

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance
2. BThey are given only as a one-off injection
3. CThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment
4. DThey cure the disease after one course

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. ARaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid
2. BReassure the patient that this pain is expected
3. CLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate
4. DApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling