1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
A patient reports pain of 8/10. Before giving the prescribed as-needed analgesic, what does the nurse do first?
- AAsk the nursing assistant to reposition the patient
- BGive the strongest analgesic on the chart straight away
- CTell the patient to wait until the next scheduled dose is due in two hours
- DAssess the location, character and onset of the pain and the vital signs
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
A patient with suspected sepsis has four prescribed orders. Which should usually be done first?
- AArrange a chest X-ray for later today
- BGive the IV antibiotic
- CTake blood cultures
- DRepeat the lactate in six hours
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
A nurse who never had BCG vaccine has a positive tuberculin skin test for the first time. The chest x-ray is clear and there are no symptoms. What does this most likely mean?
- ALatent TB infection, which is not contagious
- BActive TB, which needs airborne isolation
- CImmunity to TB from a past exposure
- DA failed test that must be repeated next year
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A patient on airborne precautions for tuberculosis wants to walk in the hallway. What is the best response?
- AAllow it, as long as they walk quickly
- BExplain that they must stay in the room, and offer ways to stay active inside it
- CAllow it, as long as the patient wears an N95 respirator in the corridor
- DAllow it, if they avoid the nurses’ station
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?
- AMagnesium
- BUric acid
- CSodium bicarbonate
- DPhosphate
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
A patient's AST is about twice the ALT, both moderately raised, and the GGT is high. Which cause is most likely?
- AAcute viral hepatitis A
- BAcute myocardial infarction
- CGallstone blocking the bile duct
- DAlcohol-related liver disease
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
Pesakit sirosis hati menjadi keliru dan mengantuk, dengan gegaran mengibas pada tangan. Komplikasi manakah yang mungkin?
- AHipoglisemia akibat insulin
- BEnsefalopati hepatik
- CKeracunan alkohol sahaja
- DStrok
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
Pesakit dengan pendarahan GI akut mempunyai kadar jantung 120/min dan tekanan darah 90/60 mmHg. Apakah keutamaan kejururawatan selepas memanggil bantuan?
- AGalakkan berjalan ke bilik air bersendirian
- BDapatkan akses IV bergarisan besar dan sediakan untuk penggantian cecair atau darah
- CTangguhkan tindakan sehingga warna najis disemak
- DBeri hidangan besar untuk memulihkan tenaga
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
Nasihat manakah yang membantu mencegah DVT semasa penerbangan jauh atau selepas pembedahan?
- AMemakai getah elastik ketat tepat di bawah lutut
- BMelakukan senaman buku lali secara tetap dan minum cecair yang cukup
- CDuduk dengan kaki bersilang untuk keselesaan
- DMinum kurang supaya tidak perlu bangun ke tandas
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
A conscious adult in the dining room is suddenly unable to speak, cough or breathe after a mouthful of food. What should the nurse do first?
- AEncourage them to drink a glass of water to wash the food down
- BUp to five back blows, then up to five abdominal thrusts if needed
- CSweep blindly in the mouth with a finger
- DLie them down on the floor and start chest compressions immediately
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
Dapatan air kencing manakah yang paling baik membezakan diabetes insipidus daripada SIADH?
- ADI menghasilkan glukosa dalam air kencing; SIADH menghasilkan protein
- BKedua-dua keadaan menghasilkan air kencing yang sangat pekat
- CDI menghasilkan air kencing cair; SIADH menghasilkan air kencing pekat
- DDI menghasilkan air kencing pekat; SIADH menghasilkan air kencing cair
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
A patient arrives five hours after the onset of a stroke. A CT angiogram shows a blockage of a large artery in the brain. What is the most appropriate next step?
- AUrgent referral for assessment for mechanical thrombectomy
- BStart IV alteplase immediately without further imaging
- CNo treatment, because the time for any reperfusion has passed
- DGive aspirin and plan a review on the ward tomorrow
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
Masalah elektrolit manakah yang boleh berlaku dalam pankreatitis akut yang teruk?
- AHipernatremia
- BHiperkalemia
- CHipokalsemia
- DHiperkalsemia
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
A patient asks whether to take their usual bisoprolol on the morning of surgery. What is the usual guidance?
- ATake it only after the operation is finished
- BStop it one week before any operation
- CUsually continue it with a sip of water, unless told otherwise
- DTake a double dose to protect the heart