Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

Pernyataan manakah yang menunjukkan kefahaman yang betul tentang akauntabiliti dalam pendelegasian?

1. A"Jika tugas itu tersilap, hanya pembantu yang bertanggungjawab."
2. B"Pembantu jururawat bertanggungjawab sama ada tugas itu betul untuk didelegasikan."
3. C"Saya kekal bertanggungjawab atas keputusan mendelegasikan dan menyusuli hasilnya."
4. D"Apabila saya mendelegasikan tugas, ia tidak lagi menjadi urusan saya."

A patient is going home on a new oral anticoagulant. There is only a short time for teaching. Which topic is most important?

1. AWhich television programs help with relaxation
2. BSigns of bleeding and when to seek help
3. CHow to choose comfortable walking shoes
4. DHow to cook low-fat meals

A patient has received oral radioactive iodine therapy. Which precaution is usually taken?

1. AEncourage pregnant visitors to sit close to the patient to give emotional support
2. BLimit time close to the patient and handle body fluids per radiation policy
3. CLet the patient share a bathroom with other patients
4. DPlace the patient on droplet precautions with a surgical mask

A chemical cloud has been released near the hospital, and authorities order “shelter in place”. What should staff do?

1. AEvacuate all patients into the car park at once
2. BKeep everyone inside, close windows and doors and shut off outside air intake
3. COpen the windows to let fresh air into the wards and dilute the chemical
4. DSend all visitors home through the main entrance

A patient had a total thyroidectomy yesterday. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor in the first days after surgery?

1. ASerum potassium
2. BSerum glucose
3. CSerum calcium
4. DSerum sodium

A patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease had a CT scan with IV contrast. Two days later, the creatinine has risen from 1.4 to 2.0 mg/dL (124 to 177 µmol/L). Which action is most appropriate?

1. AReport it, monitor urine output and hold metformin until reviewed
2. BIgnore it, because contrast never affects kidney function
3. CGive extra metformin, because the glucose rises after contrast
4. DRestrict all fluids to protect the kidneys from more contrast

Seorang pesakit selepas kemalangan jalan raya mengalami sesak nafas teruk, bunyi nafas tiada di satu sisi, tekanan darah rendah dan trakea beralih ke sisi lain. Apakah diagnosis yang mungkin?

1. APneumotoraks tegang
2. BEdema pulmonari
3. CAsma
4. DPneumonia

A nurse teaches a patient with hypertension about their medicines. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll have my blood pressure checked regularly."
2. B"I'll keep taking my tablets even if I feel well."
3. C"I'll stop my tablets once my readings are normal."
4. D"I'll get up slowly from sitting."

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve
2. BIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
3. CIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start
4. DIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea who uses CPAP at home is having surgery. Which plan is safest after the operation?

1. ANurse the patient lying flat on their back to keep the airway open
2. BLeave the CPAP machine at home, as it is not needed while in hospital
3. CUse their CPAP machine and monitor closely, using opioids with caution
4. DGive extra opioids so the patient sleeps through the night

Why should antiepileptic drugs not be stopped suddenly?

1. AThe drugs build up in the body and become toxic after stopping
2. BSudden withdrawal can trigger seizures, including status epilepticus
3. CStopping them suddenly causes permanent damage to the liver and kidneys
4. DStopping them suddenly causes a dangerous rise in blood pressure

At bedtime, a patient was given their rapid-acting insulin by mistake instead of their long-acting insulin. What should the nurse do?

1. ASay nothing, because the patient is asleep and seems fine
2. BGive glucagon now, before the glucose has fallen
3. CTell the prescriber and check glucose often overnight
4. DGive the long-acting dose as well and check glucose at breakfast

Golongan ubat manakah yang lazim digunakan untuk mengurangkan asid selepas rawatan endoskopik ulser peptik yang berdarah?

1. APenyekat beta
2. BAntihistamin H1 seperti cetirizin
3. CPerencat pam proton
4. DDiuretik gelung

On day 5 after bowel resection, a patient has a fever, tachycardia and worsening abdominal pain, and the drain contains brown, faeculent fluid. What is most likely?

1. AAn anastomotic leak
2. BA normal day 5 recovery
3. CA urinary tract infection
4. DPostoperative constipation