1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
A nurse teaches a patient who has started warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will tell my dentist and pharmacist that I take warfarin.”
- B“I will keep my INR blood test appointments.”
- C“I will use a soft toothbrush.”
- D“If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day.”
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
A patient at 36 weeks of pregnancy has sudden severe abdominal pain, a hard, board-like uterus and dark vaginal bleeding. What should the nurse suspect?
- APlacenta previa, which is usually painless
- BNormal labor contractions starting
- CA urinary tract infection
- DPlacental abruption, which is an emergency
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
Kebakaran kecil bermula dalam tong sampah di bilik pesakit semasa pesakit berada di atas katil. Apakah yang dilakukan oleh jururawat dahulu?
- APergi mencari pemadam api yang terdekat
- BMengalihkan pesakit daripada bahaya serta-merta
- CMembuka tingkap untuk menghilangkan asap
- DMenelefon pengurus untuk melaporkan kebakaran
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A nurse teaches new parents how to cope with an infant’s crying. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will check whether he is hungry, wet or too warm.”
- B“If he won’t stop crying, a quick shake will get his attention.”
- C“If I get frustrated, I will put him safely in the crib and take a short break.”
- D“I can call a friend or family member to help when I am tired.”
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
A 55-year-old has a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) during routine screening. What is the usual next step?
- ANo action if there are no symptoms
- BReferral for colonoscopy
- CRepeat the test in 10 years
- DStart an iron supplement only
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
Keputusan pesakit manakah yang patut dilaporkan dahulu oleh jururawat?
- AKreatinin 1.6 mg/dL (141 µmol/L) pada pesakit CKD stabil yang diketahui
- BGlukosa 42 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L) pada pesakit yang berpeluh dan keliru
- CHbA1c 7.4% (57 mmol/mol) pada pesakit diabetes jenis 2
- DKolesterol keseluruhan sedikit di atas sasaran
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
Apakah yang diukur oleh HbA1c?
- AJumlah keton dalam air kencing
- BGlukosa darah pada saat ujian
- CPurata glukosa darah sepanjang kira-kira dua hingga tiga bulan sebelumnya
- DParas insulin selepas makan
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
A patient with severe ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the number of stools falls. What complication should be suspected?
- ACoeliac disease
- BConstipation from dehydration
- CRecovery from the colitis
- DToxic megacolon
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
Selepas perentak jantung kekal dimasukkan, arahan manakah yang lazim diberikan untuk beberapa minggu pertama?
- AMengurut luka dengan kuat dua kali sehari
- BPastikan lengan benar-benar tidak bergerak dalam anduh selama enam bulan atau lebih
- CElakkan mengangkat lengan di sebelah itu melebihi paras bahu
- DJangan mandi atau membasuh langsung selama enam minggu
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?
- AStopping all medicines, including inhalers
- BA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning
- CHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
- DEncouraging long walks to build fitness
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
Which lifestyle advice best helps a patient with epilepsy reduce their seizures?
- AAvoid all physical exercise and stay indoors
- BDrink coffee in the evening to stay alert
- CKeep regular sleep and take every dose on time
- DSkip a dose on days without any warning signs
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?
- APost-dural puncture headache
- BA migraine triggered by stress
- CBacterial meningitis from the procedure
- DA subarachnoid haemorrhage
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
Which change suggests that a burn wound is becoming infected?
- AThe wound becoming pink and a little smaller at each dressing change
- BDry, healing skin with mild itching
- CA partial-thickness burn becoming deeper, with new discolouration
- DLess exudate on each dressing change
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
A few hours after an ERCP, a patient has severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, with vomiting. Which complication is most likely?
- ABiliary colic from a new stone
- BHepatitis B infection
- CPost-ERCP pancreatitis
- DAcute appendicitis