1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
A patient receiving an aminoglycoside antibiotic, such as gentamicin, reports ringing in the ears. What should the nurse do?
- AAdvise the patient to use ear drops
- BReassure the patient that it is a normal effect
- CHold the next dose and report it promptly
- DGive the next dose early to finish the course
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
Di unit kardiak, pesakit manakah yang patut dilihat dahulu oleh jururawat?
- APesakit kegagalan jantung yang bertambah 0.3 kg sejak semalam
- BPesakit yang diminta berpuasa sebelum imbasan esok
- CPesakit fibrilasi atrium yang kadar denyutan jantungnya 88/min dan tidak teratur, seperti sebelumnya
- DPesakit yang mengambil digoksin dengan nadi 48/min, loya dan kalium 3.0 mEq/L
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
Why are patients on long-term corticosteroids at higher risk from infections?
- ASteroids only affect the risk of fungal skin rashes
- BSteroids kill the patient’s normal skin bacteria
- CSteroids suppress the immune response and can hide signs of infection
- DSteroids make the patient’s blood more acidic, which helps bacteria grow
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
Seorang pesakit menerima ubat berisiko tinggi melalui infusi berterusan. Semasa serah terima, amalan manakah yang paling selamat?
- AJururawat yang bertugas sebelumnya berkata “pam itu baik-baik sahaja” di meja
- BKedua-dua jururawat menyemak pam dan beg berbanding preskripsi
- CHanya kadar disemak, bukan ubat atau kepekatan
- DJururawat yang menggantikan menyemaknya pada akhir syif
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?
- AInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample
- BStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
- CRecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
- DDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
A young adult has fatigue, bruising and fever. The white cell count is 85 × 10³/µL with many blasts, the hemoglobin is 7.9 g/dL (79 g/L) and the platelets are 22 × 10³/µL. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- AAcute viral infection
- BAcute leukemia
- CPolycythemia vera
- DIron-deficiency anemia
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
Why is it important to prevent hypothermia during and after surgery?
- AIt makes the patient's pain disappear
- BIt makes the patient wake up too quickly and become agitated in recovery
- CIt causes high blood glucose only
- DIt increases the risk of wound infection, bleeding and cardiac complications
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
After a high spinal cord injury, a patient has low blood pressure with a slow heart rate and warm, dry skin. What is most likely?
- ASeptic shock
- BNeurogenic shock
- CHypovolaemic shock
- DCardiac tamponade
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
A patient with diabetes is starting a beta-blocker. What should the nurse teach about hypoglycaemia?
- AInsulin should be stopped while taking a beta-blocker
- BHypoglycaemia will always cause a very slow and weak pulse
- CSome warning signs, such as a fast heartbeat, may be masked
- DThe beta-blocker will prevent all episodes of hypoglycaemia
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
Seorang pesakit yang pulih daripada MI cemas tentang kembali kepada kehidupan normal. Intervensi manakah yang paling menyokong pemulihan?
- ARujukan kepada pemulihan kardiak
- BNasihat supaya berehat di katil selama tiga bulan
- CNasihat supaya menghentikan tablet sebaik sahaja berasa sihat
- DNasihat supaya mengelak semua senaman secara kekal
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?
- AAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
- BDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up
- CDo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best
- DExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."
- B"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."
- C"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."
- D"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
What is TENS?
- AA strong opioid given through the skin as a weekly adhesive patch
- BA device that sends mild electrical pulses through skin pads
- CA pain score used for babies
- DA type of epidural catheter inserted in theatre
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
A patient taking IV antibiotics has three unexplained loose stools in 24 hours. What should the nurse do first?
- AMove the patient to a bay with other patients to watch them closely
- BGive loperamide after each loose stool and continue as usual
- CWait two days to see if the diarrhoea settles
- DIsolate the patient and send a stool sample for testing