Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

A nurse teaches a patient with COPD pursed-lip breathing. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will make my breath out about twice as long as my breath in.”
2. B“I will breathe in slowly through my nose.”
3. C“I will breathe in through my mouth and out quickly through my nose.”
4. D“I will breathe out slowly through pursed lips.”

A nurse sees a colleague put a vial of an opioid into their own pocket instead of returning it. What should the nurse do?

1. ASay nothing, because it is not their business
2. BTell the patients to watch the colleague carefully
3. CAsk the colleague to share the vial with them
4. DReport it to the nurse manager according to policy

Sputum specimens are ordered to look for acid-fast bacilli (TB). How are they usually collected?

1. AThree deep-cough specimens collected 8 to 24 hours apart, at least one early in the morning
2. BThree specimens collected after an antiseptic mouthwash
3. COne specimen of sputum collected straight after the evening meal, when coughing is easiest
4. DOne saliva sample collected at any convenient time of day

Only one airborne infection isolation room (negative pressure) is free. Which newly admitted patient should be placed in it?

1. AA patient with suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis
2. BA patient with confirmed seasonal influenza and a cough
3. CA patient with C. difficile diarrhea
4. DA patient with an MRSA wound infection

A patient with acute pancreatitis has muscle twitching and numbness around the mouth. Which laboratory value should the nurse check?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BSerum chloride
3. CSerum calcium
4. DSerum sodium

Empat keputusan makmal tiba. Yang manakah patut ditangani dahulu oleh jururawat?

1. ANatrium 137 mEq/L pada pesakit yang dimasukkan dengan pneumonia semalam
2. BHemoglobin 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L) pada pesakit penyakit buah pinggang kronik
3. CGlukosa 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) selepas makan pada pesakit diabetes
4. DKalium 6.6 mEq/L pada pesakit CKD yang mengalami kelemahan otot baharu

A patient with leukaemia has a very low platelet count. Which nursing precaution is appropriate?

1. AEncourage contact sports to keep fit
2. BUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
3. CTake temperatures rectally
4. DGive medicines by intramuscular injection

Seorang warga emas dengan patah pinggul menjadi sesak nafas dan keliru, dengan ruam petekia di dada dua hari selepas kecederaan. Komplikasi manakah yang patut disyaki?

1. ASindrom embolisme lemak
2. BUlser tekanan
3. CJangkitan saluran kencing
4. DSindrom petak

A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?

1. AUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles
2. BAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible
3. CApply tight jewellery to the left wrist
4. DKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day

A frightened young woman is breathing fast and has tingling fingers. Her blood gas shows pH 7.50 and a low PaCO₂. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
2. BRespiratory acidosis from hypoventilation
3. CRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
4. DMetabolic acidosis from kidney failure

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt is used only for a few days at a time
2. BIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
3. CIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
4. DIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

1. AUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
2. BIndigestion from phosphate binders
3. CA rib fracture from coughing
4. DA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest

Which group of findings suggests obstruction of the bile duct?

1. ANormal skin colour with diarrhoea and fever
2. BRed urine, black stools and a high blood glucose
3. CPale urine, dark stools and a flapping tremor
4. DJaundice, dark urine, pale stools and itching

Semasa anestesia am, seorang pesakit mengalami kekakuan rahang, CO₂ akhir tidal yang meningkat dan takikardia, kemudian suhu yang meningkat dengan pantas. Ubat manakah rawatan khusus?

1. ADantrolen
2. BNalokson
3. CSuksametonium
4. DParasetamol