Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

Before giving a medication to a child, which check is especially important?

1. AThat the medicine cup is the child’s favorite color
2. BThat the child likes the taste of the drug
3. CThat the parent agrees with the time it is given
4. DThat the dose is correct for the child’s weight

A patient is going home on a new oral anticoagulant. There is only a short time for teaching. Which topic is most important?

1. AHow to choose comfortable walking shoes
2. BHow to cook low-fat meals
3. CSigns of bleeding and when to seek help
4. DWhich television programs help with relaxation

A family member will visit a patient on contact precautions. What should the nurse do?

1. AShow them how to use the gown and gloves and how to clean their hands
2. BTell them precautions only apply to staff
3. CTell them visits are not allowed at all
4. DAsk them to wear an N95 respirator only, with no gown or gloves

A patient with pneumonia has low blood pressure and a raised serum lactate. What does the raised lactate suggest?

1. AA normal response to having a fever
2. BPoor tissue perfusion, a sign of sepsis-related shock
3. CRecovery from the infection is beginning
4. DMild dehydration from poor intake, with no further concern

A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?

1. ALifelong vitamin B₁₂ replacement
2. BLifelong oral folic acid tablets only
3. CMonthly transfusions of red blood cells
4. DWeekly doses of oral vitamin K tablets

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?

1. ABleeding into the abdominal cavity
2. BSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
3. CMalignant ascites from cancer
4. DNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis

Which ECG change is typical of hypokalaemia?

1. AA very short PR interval with a delta wave
2. BFlattened T waves and prominent U waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DST elevation in leads II, III and aVF

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. ADelirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
2. BDelirium is permanent, while dementia is reversible
3. CDelirium only affects people under 50, while dementia affects older people
4. DDementia always causes visual hallucinations

Menurut garis panduan semasa, bilakah oksigen patut diberikan kepada pesakit dengan sindrom koronari akut?

1. AHanya apabila keputusan troponin tersedia
2. BSentiasa pada 15 L/min, tanpa mengira ketepuan
3. CHanya apabila SpO₂ di bawah julat sasaran
4. DTidak pernah, kerana oksigen membahayakan otot jantung

Seorang pesakit sakit dada mempunyai elevasi ST pada lead II, III dan aVF. TD 86/54 mmHg, paru-paru jelas dan vena leher terdistensi. Ubat dipreskripsikan manakah yang patut dipersoalkan oleh jururawat?

1. AAntiemetik IV
2. BAspirin 300 mg yang dikunyah
3. CGliseril trinitrat sublingual
4. DOksigen jika SpO₂ jatuh di bawah sasaran

A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AStop it if the urine stream improves
2. BTake it with grapefruit juice to make it work better
3. CExpect the drug to shrink the prostate within a day
4. DStand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy

A patient with Addison's disease has been vomiting for a day. They are confused, with BP 78/40 mmHg, sodium 126 mmol/L and potassium 6.0 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AOral hydrocortisone and an antiemetic by mouth
2. BIV potassium to correct the electrolytes
3. CIV hydrocortisone straight away, plus IV fluids
4. DA fluid restriction for the low sodium

Mengapakah analgesia tetap (berjadual) sering diutamakan berbanding dos “mengikut keperluan” pada hari-hari pertama selepas pembedahan besar?

1. AIa mengekalkan aras ubat yang stabil dan mencegah kemuncak kesakitan yang teruk
2. BIa menyingkirkan keperluan untuk menilai kesakitan pesakit pada siang hari
3. CIa mencegah sepenuhnya semua kesan sampingan opioid
4. DIa membenarkan dos melebihi had maksimum harian diberikan

On day 2 of nasogastric feeding, a severely malnourished patient becomes weak and breathless with ankle swelling. Phosphate is 0.4 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. ARefeeding syndrome
2. BAn allergy to the feed formula
3. CToo little calorie intake
4. DNormal adjustment to the new feed