Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

A swimmer is found unresponsive after diving into shallow water. Which method should the nurse use to open the airway?

1. ARaising the chin while bending the neck forward
2. BTurning the head to the side to drain water
3. CHead-tilt, chin-lift with full neck extension
4. DJaw thrust, keeping the head and neck in line

After a cervical spinal cord injury, a patient has a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg, a heart rate of 48/min and warm, dry skin. What is most likely?

1. ASeptic shock
2. BNeurogenic shock
3. CCardiac tamponade
4. DHypovolemic shock

Dalam kebakaran hospital, cara memindahkan pesakit yang manakah lazimnya dielakkan?

1. ABergerak secara mendatar ke kawasan lain pada tingkat yang sama di sebalik pintu kebakaran
2. BMenolak katil melalui pintu kebakaran
3. CLif
4. DTangga

A nurse has a needlestick from a patient with hepatitis B. The nurse finished the vaccine series and has a documented protective antibody level. Which statement is correct?

1. ANo reporting is needed because the nurse is immune
2. BNo hepatitis B treatment is needed, but the injury is still reported and followed up
3. CHepatitis B immune globulin and a complete new vaccine series are both needed at once
4. DThe nurse must stop all patient care for six months

Selepas pembedahan pituitari, seorang pesakit mengeluarkan kira-kira 400 mL air kencing pucat sejam dengan graviti tentu 1.002, dan natrium telah meningkat kepada 149 mEq/L. Keadaan manakah yang paling mungkin?

1. ADiabetes insipidus
2. BKecederaan buah pinggang akut dengan oliguria
3. CSIADH
4. DHiperglisemia dengan ketoasidosis

A patient with severe sepsis is oozing blood from IV sites. Platelets 40 × 10³/µL, fibrinogen low, D-dimer very high, PT and aPTT both prolonged. Which condition fits best?

1. AImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
2. BHemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)
3. CHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
4. DDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

How is Helicobacter pylori infection usually treated?

1. ASurgery to remove the stomach
2. BA combination of antibiotics with a proton pump inhibitor
3. CAntacids alone, taken after every meal for a month
4. DA single dose of paracetamol and a bland diet for a week

In a patient with a head injury, which is usually the earliest sign of rising intracranial pressure?

1. AA change in level of consciousness
2. BA slow pulse with high blood pressure
3. CIrregular breathing pauses
4. DA fixed, dilated pupil on both sides

Vaksinasi manakah yang biasanya disyorkan untuk orang dengan COPD?

1. AVaksin BCG setiap lima tahun
2. BTiada vaksin langsung, kerana ia diketahui mencetuskan eksaserbasi
3. CVaksinasi influenza tahunan dan pneumokokus
4. DDos penggalak tetanus tahunan sahaja

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration
2. BThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
3. CThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate
4. DThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AHair loss
2. BGout
3. CSkin cancer
4. DKidney stones

A prescription reads "Insulin 10U". Why is this a safety problem?

1. AThere is no problem as long as the nurse can read it
2. B"U" means the insulin must be given intravenously
3. C"U" can be misread as a zero, giving a tenfold dose
4. DInsulin doses must always be written in millilitres

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
2. BTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
3. CTo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
4. DTo see whether the patient has an infection

A patient arrives in recovery with a temperature of 35.2 °C and is shivering. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AStart active warming and monitor the temperature
2. BRemove all blankets to let the body adjust
3. CGive cold IV fluids to settle the shivering
4. DSend the patient to the ward to warm up there under extra blankets