Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 16 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.
“The word ‘biology’ comes from two Greek words: ‘bios’, meaning life, and ‘logos’, meaning study.” What does “biology” mean, according to the passage?
“The test results showed a slightly high blood sugar. The doctor asked the patient to repeat the test after fasting overnight before making a diagnosis.” Why did the doctor most likely ask for a repeat test?
Sebuah segi tiga mempunyai tapak 6 m dan tinggi 15 m. Berapakah luasnya A?
Sebuah gim mengenakan yuran pendaftaran sekali sahaja sebanyak $50 ditambah $12 sebulan. Maria telah membayar $170 sepenuhnya. Sudah berapa bulan n dia menjadi ahli?
Injap manakah yang terletak antara atrium kiri dengan ventrikel kiri?
Apendisitis awal sering dirasakan sebagai sakit samar di sekitar umbilikus. Mengapa?
Mengapakah glukosa muncul dalam air kencing pada diabetes mellitus yang tidak terkawal?
Gas darah arteri pesakit menunjukkan pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 7.8 kPa (59 mmHg) dan bikarbonat normal. Apakah gangguan yang paling mungkin?
Why are stains such as iodine or methylene blue added to cells on a microscope slide?
Some snakes and whales have tiny remains of hip bones that are not used for walking. What do these structures suggest?
What percentage of the mass of water (H₂O, 18 g/mol) is hydrogen (H = 1 g/mol)?
Why is Dmitri Mendeleev's early periodic table regarded as such a success?
Which sentence is written in the first person?
Which revision corrects the dangling modifier? “After finishing the exam, the room was quiet.”
What does the suffix -emia (or -aemia) mean, as in “anaemia”?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The child with croup had loud stridor.”
Jawapan: A · The study of life
“Bios” means life and “logos” means study, so biology is the study of life.
Jawapan: B · To confirm the result under standard conditions
A single slightly high reading may be affected by recent food. A repeat fasting test confirms the result before a diagnosis is made.
Jawapan: A = 45 m²
Perimeter, luas dan isi padu: perimeter ialah jarak mengelilingi sesuatu bentuk (segi empat tepat: 2l + 2w). Luas diukur dalam unit persegi: segi empat tepat l × w, segi tiga ½ × tapak × tinggi, bulatan π·r². Lilitan bulatan ialah π·d = 2π·r. Isi padu dalam unit padu: kuboid l × w × h, silinder π·r²·h. Gunakan nilai π yang diberikan oleh soalan.
Jawapan: n = 10 bulan
Soalan perkataan: namakan nilai yang tidak diketahui (contohnya x = bilangan bulan), tulis fakta sebagai satu persamaan, selesaikannya, dan semak bahawa jawapan masuk akal dalam cerita itu. Yuran tetap ditambah kadar bagi setiap unit memberikan jumlah = yuran + kadar × unit.
Jawapan: D · Injap mitral (bikuspid)
Injap mitral (bikuspid) memisahkan atrium kiri dan ventrikel kiri; injap trikuspid melakukan perkara yang sama di sebelah kanan.
Jawapan: B · Saraf viserinya memasuki saraf tunjang pada T10, seperti kulit umbilikus
Sakit viseral daripada struktur usus tengah dirujuk ke dermatom T10 di sekitar umbilikus. Apabila peritoneum parietal meradang, sakit tertumpu pada fossa iliaka kanan.
Jawapan: B · Beban tertapis melebihi maksimum pengangkutan tubul
Pembawa SGLT tubul proksimal hanya boleh menyerap semula glukosa sehingga had tertentu. Apabila glukosa plasma tinggi, beban tertapis melebihi maksimum ini dan lebihan dirembeskan.
Jawapan: D · Asidosis respiratori akut
pH rendah dengan CO₂ tinggi menunjukkan asidosis respiratori. Bikarbonat belum meningkat, maka buah pinggang belum mengimbangi: ia akut.
Jawapan: A · To make structures easier to see
Most cell parts are colourless, so stains are used to add contrast. Iodine stains starch and nuclei in plant cells, and methylene blue stains the nuclei of animal cells.
Jawapan: C · Their ancestors had legs
Vestigial structures are reduced remnants of features that were functional in ancestors. Small hip bones in snakes and whales are evidence that they evolved from four-legged ancestors.
Jawapan: B · About 11%
One mole of water contains 2 g of hydrogen: 2 ÷ 18 × 100 ≈ 11.1%. Oxygen makes up the other 89% by mass, even though 2 of the 3 atoms are hydrogen.
Jawapan: B · He left gaps and correctly predicted the properties of elements not yet discovered
Mendeleev grouped elements by similar properties and left gaps for unknown elements, predicting their properties. When gallium and germanium were found, they matched his predictions. Ordering by atomic number came later, after Moseley's work.
Jawapan: B · I checked the results twice.
First person uses I or we, second person you, third person he, she, it or they.
Jawapan: B · After the students finished the exam, the room was quiet.
The room did not finish the exam. A names the people who did, so the modifier is no longer dangling.
Jawapan: D · A condition of the blood
-emia refers to a blood condition: hyperglycaemia is high blood sugar, anaemia a lack of red cells or haemoglobin.
Jawapan: A · High-pitched noisy breathing
Stridor is a harsh, high-pitched breathing sound caused by obstruction of the upper airway.
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