Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 16 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.
The author writes: “Some people say reading on screens is just as good as reading on paper. However, several studies suggest that readers remember long texts slightly better on paper.” What is the author’s point?
“The marathon was a test of will as much as of strength. By mile 20, Ana’s legs burned, but she pictured her mother waiting at the finish line and kept going.” What does the phrase “a test of will” mean here?
Hitung 1/4 + 1 7/8. Klik jawapan dalam bentuk termudah.
Hitung 2 1/6 × 2 1/2. Klik jawapan dalam bentuk termudah.
Saraf kranial manakah yang mengawal kebanyakan otot ekspresi wajah?
Mengapakah kutub proksimal skafoid berisiko mengalami nekrosis avaskular selepas patah di bahagian pinggang?
Apakah rangsangan utama untuk pernafasan pada orang yang sihat?
Mekanisme manakah yang terutamanya mewujudkan kecerunan kepekatan dalam medula buah pinggang?
Which of these is part of the body's innate (non-specific) defence?
Plasmids with an ampicillin-resistance gene are mixed with bacteria, which are then spread on a plate containing ampicillin. Why do only a few colonies grow?
Which assumption is made about an ideal gas?
Which 1-litre solution lowers the freezing point of water the most?
Choose the correct form: “She could ___ called earlier.”
Which revision best corrects the shift from active to passive voice? “The nurse checked the chart, and then the medication was given by her.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “This drug has a sedative effect.”
Choose the meaning of the words in bold: “The patient’s condition is critical but stable.”
Jawapan: B · Paper may help people remember long texts.
After “However”, the author presents evidence that paper may support memory of long texts. The word “slightly” shows the claim is modest, not a ban on screens.
Jawapan: C · A challenge of determination
Here “will” means determination. The passage shows Ana pushing on through pain by thinking of her mother.
Jawapan: 2 1/8
Menambah dan menolak pecahan: penyebut mestilah sama. Cari penyebut sepunya terkecil (LCD), tulis semula setiap pecahan dengannya dengan mendarab atas dan bawah dengan nombor yang sama, kemudian tambah atau tolak pengangka sahaja. Permudahkan dengan membahagi atas dan bawah dengan faktor sepunya terbesarnya, dan tulis pecahan tak wajar sebagai nombor bercampur.
Gandaan sepunya terkecil bagi 4 dan 8 ialah 8.
Jawapan: 5 5/12
Mendarab dan membahagi pecahan: mula-mula tukarkan nombor bercampur kepada pecahan tak wajar (2 1/3 = 7/3). Untuk mendarab, darabkan pengangka dan penyebut. Untuk membahagi, kekalkan pecahan pertama, tukar ÷ kepada ×, dan terbalikkan pecahan kedua (darab dengan salingannya). Batalkan faktor sepunya dan tulis hasilnya dalam bentuk termudah sebagai nombor bercampur.
Jawapan: D · Saraf fasial (VII)
Saraf fasial (saraf kranial VII) membekalkan otot ekspresi wajah. Kerosakannya menyebabkan lumpuh muka, seperti dalam lumpuh Bell.
Jawapan: C · Bekalan darahnya terutamanya masuk dari hujung distal
Cabang arteri radial memasuki skafoid terutamanya di bahagian distal dan mengalir ke belakang. Patah melalui bahagian pinggang boleh memutuskan bekalan kutub proksimal, menyebabkan nekrosis avaskular.
Jawapan: A · Peningkatan CO₂ arteri
Kemoreseptor pusat bertindak balas kepada CO₂ (melalui pH cecair serebrospina). O₂ rendah hanya menambah pemacu pernafasan dengan kuat apabila PaO₂ jatuh jauh di bawah normal, contohnya di altitud tinggi.
Jawapan: A · Pengganda arus lawan gelung Henle
Anggota naik mengangkut NaCl secara aktif ke dalam interstisium tanpa membiarkan air mengikut, dan aliran arus lawan menggandakannya menjadi kecerunan curam yang kemudian digunakan ADH untuk memekatkan air kencing.
Jawapan: D · The skin and stomach acid
Innate defences include physical and chemical barriers such as skin, mucus and stomach acid, plus phagocytes and inflammation. Antibodies, memory cells and specific T cells belong to adaptive immunity.
Jawapan: B · Only the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
Only a small fraction of bacteria take up the plasmid. The antibiotic kills all those without it, so the colonies that grow are the transformed bacteria. This is how scientists select cells carrying a new gene.
Jawapan: B · Its particles have no attraction to each other
An ideal gas is imagined to have particles of negligible volume, no attractions between them and perfectly elastic collisions. Real gases behave nearly this way at ordinary conditions.
Jawapan: D · 1 M CaCl₂
Each CaCl₂ gives 3 ions (Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻), so 1 M CaCl₂ gives about 3 mol of particles. 1 M NaCl gives 2, 0.5 M NaCl gives 1 and 1 M glucose (which does not ionise) gives 1.
Jawapan: B · have
“Could have” (could’ve) + past participle is correct. “Could of” is a common error that comes from how “could’ve” sounds.
Jawapan: B · The nurse checked the chart and then gave the medication.
A keeps both verbs in the active voice with “the nurse” as the subject. B and D still mix passive and active, and C stays passive in the second clause.
Jawapan: D · Calming and causing sleepiness
A sedative calms a person and causes drowsiness.
Jawapan: C · Very serious, but not changing at present
Critical means very serious, often life-threatening, and stable means not currently changing.
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