Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 16 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.
“Scientists classify a tomato as a fruit because it develops from a flower and contains seeds. In cooking, however, it is usually treated as a vegetable.” What does the passage explain?
“Many people think nurses simply follow doctors’ orders. In reality, nurses assess patients, plan care, teach families and often notice early warning signs before anyone else.” What is the author’s main purpose?
Sebuah segi tiga mempunyai tapak 5 in dan tinggi 9 in. Berapakah luasnya A?
Seorang ibu berumur 6 tahun lebih tua daripada 4 kali umur anak lelakinya. Umur mereka berdua berjumlah 71 tahun. Berapakah umur anak lelaki itu x?
Yang manakah antara organ ini bersifat retroperitoneal?
Dalam hipertensi portal, varises esofagus terbentuk pada anastomosis portosistemik yang mana?
Di manakah langkah pengaktifan terakhir vitamin D (1-alfa hidroksilasi) berlaku?
Dapatan spirometri manakah yang tipikal bagi penyakit pulmonari obstruktif kronik (COPD)?
A seedling is 4 cm tall at week 1, 8 cm at week 2, 12 cm at week 3 and 16 cm at week 4. If the trend continues, how tall will it be at week 6?
Two plants are crossed, and about half of the offspring show the dominant trait and half show the recessive trait. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
How can you get solid salt back from salt water?
A liquid has a density of 1.2 g/mL. What is the mass of 250 mL of this liquid?
Which word should replace the underlined informal word for a formal report? “The results were awesome.”
Which revision removes the ambiguous pronoun? “When Jason told Ben the news, he was upset.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “If an order is unclear, clarify it with the prescriber.”
What does the term gastrostomy mean?
Jawapan: D · Why a tomato can be called both a fruit and a vegetable
The passage contrasts the scientific view (fruit, because it grows from a flower and has seeds) with the cooking view (vegetable).
Jawapan: D · To challenge a narrow view of nursing
The author corrects the view that nurses only follow orders by describing the wide range of their responsibilities.
Jawapan: A = 22.5 in²
Perimeter, luas dan isi padu: perimeter ialah jarak mengelilingi sesuatu bentuk (segi empat tepat: 2l + 2w). Luas diukur dalam unit persegi: segi empat tepat l × w, segi tiga ½ × tapak × tinggi, bulatan π·r². Lilitan bulatan ialah π·d = 2π·r. Isi padu dalam unit padu: kuboid l × w × h, silinder π·r²·h. Gunakan nilai π yang diberikan oleh soalan.
Jawapan: x = 13 tahun
Soalan perkataan: namakan nilai yang tidak diketahui (contohnya x = bilangan bulan), tulis fakta sebagai satu persamaan, selesaikannya, dan semak bahawa jawapan masuk akal dalam cerita itu. Yuran tetap ditambah kadar bagi setiap unit memberikan jumlah = yuran + kadar × unit.
Jawapan: D · Buah pinggang
Buah pinggang terletak di belakang peritoneum parietal. Perut, limpa dan kolon melintang bersifat intraperitoneal dan mempunyai mesenterium atau ligamen.
Jawapan: B · Antara vena gastrik kiri dengan cabang esofagus vena azigos
Di esofagus bawah, darah portal dalam vena gastrik kiri bertemu darah sistemik dalam vena esofagus yang mengalir ke sistem azigos. Tekanan portal tinggi melebarkan vena ini.
Jawapan: C · Buah pinggang
Vitamin D dibuat dalam kulit atau diambil melalui makanan, dihidroksilasi dalam hati, dan kemudian diaktifkan menjadi kalsitriol dalam buah pinggang. Kegagalan buah pinggang oleh itu menyebabkan kekurangan vitamin D.
Jawapan: B · Nisbah FEV1/FVC di bawah 0.7
Saluran udara yang menyempit memperlahankan ekspirasi, maka FEV1 jatuh lebih daripada FVC dan nisbahnya turun di bawah 0.7. Dalam COPD ini tidak sepenuhnya dibalikkan oleh bronkodilator.
Jawapan: B · 24 cm
The plant grows 4 cm each week. Two more weeks after week 4 gives 16 + 4 + 4 = 24 cm. Predicting beyond measured data (extrapolation) assumes the trend continues.
Jawapan: B · Heterozygous × homozygous recessive
A 1 : 1 ratio is typical of Aa × aa, a heterozygote crossed with a homozygous recessive. Aa × Aa gives 3 : 1, and any cross with an AA parent gives only dominant offspring.
Jawapan: A · Evaporate the water
Dissolved salt cannot be filtered out. Heating the solution evaporates the water and leaves the salt crystals behind.
Jawapan: C · 300 g
1.2 g/mL × 250 mL = 300 g. Dividing 250 by 1.2 gives about 208, which has the wrong units (mL²/g).
Jawapan: D · excellent
Formal writing uses precise, standard words such as “excellent”. The other choices are slang.
Jawapan: B · Ben was upset when Jason told him the news.
A names Ben as the person who was upset, and “him” can only refer to Ben. B and C keep the unclear “he”, and D is ungrammatical.
Jawapan: D · Make it clear
To clarify is to make something easier to understand by removing confusion.
Jawapan: C · A surgical opening into the stomach
A gastrostomy is an opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall, often used for a feeding tube.
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