Pielęgniarstwo kliniczne: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Co jest priorytetem u pacjenta, który właśnie miał napad drgawek i jest teraz senny?

1. AZostawienie go, by się wyspał, bez dalszej obserwacji
2. BMocne przytrzymanie, żeby się nie ruszał
3. CNatychmiastowe podanie jedzenia i picia
4. DUłożenie w pozycji bocznej ustalonej i utrzymanie drożności dróg oddechowych

Gout is caused by:

1. AWear and tear of the joint cartilage
2. BA lack of calcium in the diet
3. CA bacterial infection of the bone
4. DUric acid crystals forming in a joint

Which type of diabetes is mainly caused by autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells?

1. AType 1 diabetes
2. BType 2 diabetes
3. CGestational diabetes
4. DDiabetes insipidus

A patient is admitted with cellulitis of the leg. Why might the nurse mark the edge of the redness on the skin?

1. ATo show the surgeon exactly where to make the incision
2. BTo help the patient find the sore area
3. CTo mark the site for an injection
4. DTo monitor whether the infection is spreading or improving

When a patient returns to the ward from theatre, what should the nurse assess first?

1. AWhether visitors are waiting to see the patient
2. BThe patient's dietary preferences for the next meal
3. CAirway, breathing, circulation and level of consciousness
4. DThe discharge date

Why are older adults at higher risk of dehydration?

1. ATheir body water content increases with age
2. BTheir sense of thirst is often reduced
3. CThey always drink large amounts of tea
4. DTheir kidneys hold on to too much water

A hypotensive postoperative patient is given a fluid bolus. Which findings suggest a good response?

1. AThe heart rate falls, blood pressure rises and urine output improves
2. BThe heart rate rises further and the patient becomes more confused
3. CThe respiratory rate rises and new lung crackles appear
4. DThe capillary refill time becomes longer

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. ADelirium is permanent, while dementia is reversible
2. BDelirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
3. CDelirium only affects people under 50, while dementia affects older people
4. DDementia always causes visual hallucinations