1.Приоритизация и делегированиеСредняя
A patient had a colostomy formed yesterday. Which stoma appearance should be reported straight away?
- AMoist and pink-red
- BDark purple or black
- CSlightly swollen
- DA little bleeding when cleaned
2.Приоритизация и делегированиеСложная
Before surgery, a nurse is asked to witness a patient’s consent. The patient was given a sedative 30 minutes ago. What should the nurse do?
- AAsk a family member to sign on the patient’s behalf
- BWitness it and write “sedated” beside the signature
- CWitness it quickly before the sedative takes full effect
- DNot witness the consent and inform the surgeon
3.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСредняя
Where should the drainage bag of an indwelling urinary catheter be kept?
- AOn the floor under the bed, where it is out of the way
- BHung on the IV pole above the patient
- CBelow the level of the bladder and off the floor
- DOn the bed next to the patient’s hip
4.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСложная
Several patients arrive with suspected inhalational anthrax after a deliberate release. Which precautions are needed for their care?
- AAirborne precautions in negative-pressure rooms, because spores are inhaled
- BContact precautions with gowns and gloves
- CDroplet precautions with surgical masks
- DStandard precautions, because it is not spread from person to person
5.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСредняя
A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?
- AThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
- BThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
- CThe sodium can rise too quickly
- DThe sodium always falls further
6.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСложная
Which set of results best shows that diabetic ketoacidosis is resolving?
- AA rising potassium with a falling bicarbonate
- BA closing anion gap with a rising bicarbonate and pH
- CA falling glucose with a falling serum bicarbonate
- DA falling glucose with a still widening anion gap
7.Клиническое сестринское делоСредняя
Which is a recognised risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting?
- AA short operation under local anaesthetic
- BUse of opioids after surgery
- CBeing male
- DBeing a smoker
8.Клиническое сестринское делоСложная
A patient with poorly controlled hyperthyroidism develops a high fever, very fast heart rate, agitation and vomiting during an infection. What is likely?
- AAddisonian crisis
- BMyxoedema coma
- CThyroid storm
- DHypoglycaemia
9.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСредняя
Какой набор побочных эффектов типичен для тиазидных или тиазидоподобных диуретиков, таких как индапамид?
- AВысокие калий и натрий, низкая мочевая кислота и низкая глюкоза крови
- BНизкие калий и натрий, повышенная мочевая кислота и повышенная глюкоза
- CВысокие натрий и магний при низкой глюкозе крови
- DСухой кашель, нарушение вкуса и отёк губ
10.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСложная
A patient who injects drugs has a fever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages. Before antibiotics are started, what is most important?
- ATake a single blood culture from the cannula
- BTake several sets of blood cultures from separate sites
- CArrange an exercise ECG test
- DWait for an echocardiogram before taking any samples
11.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСредняя
Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?
- AIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood
- BIt lowers the blood glucose
- CIt slows the decline in kidney function
- DIt cures chronic kidney disease
12.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСложная
Пациенту вчера создали АВ-фистулу на левой руке, и нужны плановые анализы крови. Какое указание важнее всего?
- AИспользовать правую руку; проверять кровообращение и дрожание левой кисти
- BТуго обмотать левую руку бинтом для защиты фистулы
- CБрать кровь из фистулы, так как её легко найти и она большая
- DТуго накладывать жгут на левую руку, чтобы найти хорошую вену
13.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСредняя
During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?
- ASudden hair loss during the infusion
- BA rise in platelet count above normal
- CAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
- DSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion
14.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСложная
An hour after a line flush, a patient receiving parenteral nutrition has rigors and a temperature of 39,1 °C. What should the nurse suspect and do?
- AA normal reaction; give paracetamol and continue the infusion
- BFluid overload; reduce the infusion rate only
- CLow blood glucose; give a sugary drink
- DLine infection; escalate and take blood cultures