Приоритизация и делегирование в стиле NCLEX: шпаргалка-пакет

A patient on a continuous IV heparin infusion has new black, tarry stools and an aPTT well above the target range. What should the nurse do first?

1. AOffer an iron-rich meal to replace the lost blood
2. BStop the heparin infusion and inform the provider
3. CCheck the pump rate and leave the infusion running
4. DGive a dose of vitamin K by mouth

A patient is deteriorating quickly. The nurse has called the provider twice, but the provider has not come. What is the best action?

1. AWait another hour and call the provider again
2. BAsk the patient’s family to call the provider
3. CActivate the rapid response team
4. DDocument the concern and continue routine care

A patient with a severe latex allergy is booked for surgery. Which measure is commonly used?

1. AGive the patient antihistamines before surgery and then use the normal supplies
2. BUse latex gloves only for short procedures
3. CUse latex-free supplies and schedule the patient as the first case of the day
4. DWrap latex items in plastic before use

A chemical cloud has been released near the hospital, and authorities order “shelter in place”. What should staff do?

1. AEvacuate all patients into the car park at once
2. BKeep everyone inside, close windows and doors and shut off outside air intake
3. CSend all visitors home through the main entrance
4. DOpen the windows to let fresh air into the wards and dilute the chemical

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
2. BFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet
3. CFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
4. DFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues

A patient without symptoms has a finger-stick glucose of 340 mg/dL (18,9 mmol/L). The previous values were normal, and the patient has just peeled an orange. What should the nurse do first?

1. AAsk the laboratory to measure HbA1c from the same drop of blood
2. BHave the patient wash and dry their hands, then repeat the test
3. CReport the result as a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
4. DGive a correction dose of insulin for a glucose of 340 mg/dL

Which side effect of regular opioids usually needs preventive treatment from the start?

1. AExcessive hunger
2. BHigh blood pressure
3. CConstipation
4. DDiarrhoea

A nurse notices that a wrong dose of a drug was prepared but was caught before it was given. What should be done?

1. ADiscipline the nurse who prepared it on the spot in front of colleagues
2. BSay nothing, because no harm reached the patient
3. CTell only the patient's family
4. DReport it as a near miss through the incident reporting system

When should an adult with cystic fibrosis take pancreatic enzyme capsules?

1. AOnce a day on waking, at least an hour before any food
2. BWith all meals and snacks that contain fat
3. COnly at bedtime
4. DOnly when they have diarrhoea

После катетеризации сердца через лучевую артерию какая оценка важнее всего?

1. AУдельный вес мочи каждые четыре часа
2. BРазмер зрачков и реакция на свет каждые 15 минут
3. CКишечные шумы и окружность живота каждый час после исследования
4. DКровообращение, чувствительность и движения кисти, а также место пункции

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
2. BAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
3. CInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
4. DUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen

Пациент с инсультом и слабостью справа готов к переводу с кровати на стул. Какой подход наиболее безопасен?

1. AПодтянуть пациента за правое плечо и запястье
2. BПопросить пациента встать самостоятельно и дойти до стула
3. CПоставить стул слева и повернуться к нему
4. DПоставить стул справа и поднимать за слабую руку

Какой класс препаратов обычно используют для снижения кислотности после эндоскопического лечения кровоточащей пептической язвы?

1. AИнгибиторы протонной помпы
2. BАнтигистаминные H1, такие как цетиризин
3. CПетлевые диуретики
4. DБета-блокаторы

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and says they feel completely well. Which statement is correct?

1. AFeeling well means the dose was too small to cause harm
2. BTreatment is not needed if the patient has not vomited
3. CLiver damage may still develop, and appears only days later
4. DLiver damage after paracetamol occurs only within the first hour or so