1.Приоритизация и делегированиеСредняя
A patient has a tonic-clonic seizure in bed. What should the nurse do first?
- AProtect the head and turn the patient on their side when possible
- BGive a drink of water to help the patient wake
- CPlace a tongue depressor between the teeth
- DHold the arms and legs down firmly to stop the jerking movements quickly
2.Приоритизация и делегированиеСложная
В отделение неотложной помощи одновременно поступают четыре пациента. Кого принять первым?
- AВзрослого с деформированной лодыжкой и нормальным пульсом на стопе
- BПодростка с порезом руки, кровотечение остановлено
- C2-летнего ребёнка со слюнотечением, сидящего, наклонившись вперёд, со стридором
- DВзрослого с мигренью и давлением 150/90 mmHg
3.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСредняя
How should the urethral meatus be cared for in a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?
- AWith antiseptic cream applied to the meatus every shift
- BWith daily bladder irrigation using an antibiotic solution through the catheter
- CWith routine hygiene, using soap and water during daily washing
- DBy sliding the catheter in and out a little to clean it
4.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСложная
A patient’s cardiac monitor alarms often because of artifact, and a colleague suggests turning the alarm off. What is the best response?
- ATurn the alarm volume down as low as it will go
- BKeep the alarm on, fix the cause such as electrode placement, and adjust limits only per policy
- CTurn the alarm off and check the monitor screen at the nurses’ station every hour instead
- DDisconnect the monitor overnight so the patient can sleep
5.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСредняя
A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13,0 to 11,4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?
- ADilution of the blood by the IV fluid
- BA laboratory error in the first sample
- CIncreased red cell production
- DA sudden failure of the bone marrow
6.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСложная
A patient with long-term heavy alcohol use is admitted with alcohol withdrawal. Which group of electrolyte problems is most common?
- AHigh magnesium, high phosphate and high potassium
- BLow chloride, high bicarbonate and high calcium
- CHigh sodium, high calcium and high glucose
- DLow magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium
7.Клиническое сестринское делоСредняя
Which adverse effects should be monitored for in a patient receiving IV gentamicin?
- AHyperglycaemia and tremor
- BKidney damage and hearing loss
- CHair loss and weight gain
- DConstipation and urinary retention
8.Клиническое сестринское делоСложная
A patient starting a DOAC is taught about missed doses. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"If I forget a dose, I'll take two the next day to catch up."
- B"I will report any blood in my urine."
- C"I will take it at the same time each day."
- D"I will tell other doctors and my dentist I take an anticoagulant."
9.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСредняя
Какое утверждение о спейсере для дозирующего ингалятора верно?
- AОн делает каждую дозу препарата сильнее обычной
- BТребуется меньше координации, и больше препарата попадает в лёгкие
- CОн позволяет совсем отказаться от стероидного ингалятора для профилактики
- DОн предназначен для использования с порошковыми ингаляторами
10.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСложная
A fit 24-year-old marathon runner has a resting heart rate of 46/min on admission for minor surgery. He has no dizziness, chest pain or breathlessness, and his BP is 118/70 mmHg. What is the appropriate response?
- AGive IV atropine straight away to bring the rate above 60/min
- BDocument and report it, as this is often normal in an athlete
- CStart chest compressions
- DCancel the surgery and arrange a permanent pacemaker urgently
11.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСредняя
Пациент, принимающий дапаглифлозин (ингибитор SGLT2), страдает от рвоты, кетоны в крови 4,5 mmol/L, но глюкоза всего 11 mmol/L. Что следует заподозрить?
- AОбычный побочный эффект, не требующий действий
- BЭугликемический диабетический кетоацидоз
- CГиперосмолярное гипергликемическое состояние
- DГипогликемию, вызванную рвотой
12.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСложная
A patient with motor neurone disease reports morning headaches, poor sleep and sleepiness during the day. What do these symptoms suggest?
- ANormal tiredness that needs no specific action
- BLow mood, which should be treated with an antidepressant first
- CWeak breathing at night, so a review for ventilation support
- DA side effect of riluzole, which should be stopped straight away by the nurse
13.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСредняя
A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?
- AStop eating fibre completely
- BStart a regular laxative at the same time
- CTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
- DWait until there has been no stool for a week
14.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСложная
Which group of signs suggests that a patient is entering the last days of life?
- ARising appetite, more energy and normal skin colour and warmth
- BClearer thinking and increased movement
- CHigh blood pressure and very fast weight gain
- DReduced intake, mottled skin and changes in breathing