Химия для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What does the octet rule state?

1. AAn atom can form a maximum of 8 covalent bonds
2. BEvery stable atom has exactly 8 protons in its nucleus
3. CEvery stable molecule contains exactly 8 atoms
4. DAtoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons to get 8 outer electrons

Where are the transition metals located on the periodic table?

1. AIn group 1 on the far left
2. BAbove the noble gases
3. CIn the central block, groups 3 to 12
4. DIn group 18 on the far right

What is the SI unit of temperature?

1. AKelvin
2. BDegree Fahrenheit
3. CJoule
4. DDegree Celsius

How does an antacid tablet relieve heartburn caused by excess stomach acid?

1. AIt coats the stomach and stops all acid production
2. BA weak base in it neutralises some of the acid
3. CIt turns the acid into a gas that is absorbed
4. DAn acid in it lowers the stomach pH further

What is the oxidation number of sulfur in H₂SO₄?

1. A+2
2. B+4
3. C−2
4. D+6

Vinegar contains acetic acid, CH₃COOH. Which functional group makes it an acid?

1. AThe methyl group, –CH₃
2. BThe hydroxyl group of an alcohol, –OH
3. CThe amino group, –NH₂
4. DThe carboxyl group, –COOH

Starch and cellulose are both made entirely of glucose units, yet humans can digest starch but not cellulose. Why?

1. AThe glucose units are linked differently, and humans lack an enzyme to break cellulose's links
2. BCellulose dissolves in water, so it is lost from the gut
3. CStarch contains nitrogen, which makes it easier to digest
4. DCellulose is really made of amino acids, not glucose, so stomach acid cannot break it

Hydrogen peroxide fizzes when poured on a cut because an enzyme in blood breaks it down. What gas is produced, and what type of reaction is it?

1. ACarbon dioxide, in a combustion reaction
2. BChlorine, in a synthesis reaction
3. COxygen, in a decomposition reaction
4. DHydrogen, in a single replacement reaction