Химия для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Which positive ion is found in the highest concentration inside most body cells?

1. AMagnesium (Mg²⁺)
2. BPotassium (K⁺)
3. CSodium (Na⁺)
4. DCalcium (Ca²⁺)

What does organic chemistry study?

1. ACompounds made of metals
2. BCompounds based on carbon
3. COnly the noble gases
4. DOnly compounds found in plants

Which electrons take part in chemical bonding?

1. AThe valence (outermost) electrons
2. BAll electrons take part equally
3. CThe electrons closest to the nucleus
4. DOnly the electrons in the first shell

How can you get solid salt back from salt water?

1. AUse a magnet
2. BFreeze the solution and lift out the salt
3. CFilter the solution
4. DEvaporate the water

How does evaporation differ from boiling?

1. AEvaporation happens throughout the liquid at a set temperature; boiling happens only at the surface
2. BEvaporation produces a solid, while boiling produces a gas
3. CEvaporation needs a higher temperature than boiling
4. DEvaporation happens only at the surface and at any temperature; boiling happens throughout the liquid at a set temperature

Why does oxygen move from the alveoli of the lungs into the blood?

1. AThe partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the blood
2. BOxygen is heavier than carbon dioxide
3. COxygen is pumped actively into the blood
4. DThe partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the blood than in the alveoli

Many ethene (C₂H₄) molecules join together to form poly(ethene), a plastic. What type of reaction is this?

1. AHydrolysis, in which water breaks each monomer apart
2. BCondensation polymerisation, in which a water molecule is released at each new link
3. CAddition polymerisation, in which the C=C double bonds open up to link the monomers
4. DCombustion, in which ethene reacts with oxygen

What is the formula of iron(III) chloride?

1. AFeCl₂
2. BFeCl₃
3. CFe₂Cl₃
4. DFe₃Cl