Химия для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Как называется переход из жидкого состояния в газообразное?

1. AПлавление
2. BИспарение
3. CЗамерзание
4. DКонденсация

What is absolute zero?

1. A0 K, about −273 °C, the lowest possible temperature
2. B−100 °C, the coldest temperature on Earth
3. C0 °F, the temperature of a salt and ice mixture
4. D0 °C, the point at which pure water freezes into ice

An instant cold pack feels cold when the substance inside dissolves. How is this dissolving process classified?

1. AA combustion reaction
2. BA neutralisation reaction
3. CEndothermic
4. DExothermic

A reaction has ΔH = −890 kJ/mol. What does the negative sign tell you?

1. AThe reaction is at equilibrium
2. BThe reaction is exothermic
3. CThe reaction is endothermic
4. DThe reaction needs a catalyst

What does Avogadro's law state?

1. AOne mole of any gas has a mass of 22,4 g
2. BThe pressure of a gas doubles when its temperature is halved
3. CEqual volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules
4. DEqual masses of all gases contain equal numbers of molecules under any conditions

What percentage of the mass of water (H₂O, 18 g/mol) is hydrogen (H = 1 g/mol)?

1. AAbout 89%
2. BAbout 5,6%
3. CAbout 11%
4. DAbout 67%

Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵?

1. AFluorine
2. BArgon
3. CChlorine
4. DSulfur

Why does a sodium ion (Na⁺) have almost the same mass as a sodium atom?

1. AIons and atoms always have exactly the same mass
2. BThe only difference is one electron, which has a tiny mass
3. CThe ion has one fewer proton, which has a tiny mass
4. DThe ion gains a neutron that balances the loss