Химия для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What does the rule "like dissolves like" mean?

1. ASolids dissolve only in other solids
2. BPolar solvents dissolve polar substances, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar ones
3. COnly substances with identical formulas can ever dissolve in each other
4. DEvery substance dissolves in water

What does organic chemistry study?

1. ACompounds based on carbon
2. BCompounds made of metals
3. COnly compounds found in plants
4. DOnly the noble gases

What is the molar mass of oxygen gas, O₂ (O = 16 g/mol)?

1. A32 g/mol
2. B16 g/mol
3. C48 g/mol
4. D8 g/mol

Why do group 1 metals such as sodium react so easily?

1. AThey easily gain one extra electron
2. BThey have a full outer shell of electrons
3. CThey have one outer electron that is easily lost
4. DTheir nuclei contain no neutrons

How does atomic radius change going down a group?

1. AIt decreases
2. BIt decreases, then increases
3. CIt increases
4. DIt stays the same

Какое соединение образуется между кальцием (Ca²⁺) и хлором (Cl⁻)?

1. ACa₂Cl₃
2. BCa₂Cl
3. CCaCl
4. DCaCl₂

Equal masses of sand and water sit in the sun and absorb the same amount of heat. Which warms up more, and why?

1. ASand, because it has a lower specific heat capacity than water
2. BWater, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than sand
3. CBoth warm equally, because they absorbed the same heat
4. DSand, because it has a higher specific heat capacity than water

Why does a sodium ion (Na⁺) have almost the same mass as a sodium atom?

1. AThe ion gains a neutron that balances the loss
2. BThe only difference is one electron, which has a tiny mass
3. CThe ion has one fewer proton, which has a tiny mass
4. DIons and atoms always have exactly the same mass