1.Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunumOrta
Which foot care advice is correct for a patient with peripheral arterial disease?
- ACheck the feet daily and wear well-fitting shoes
- BUse a hot water bottle on the feet at night
- CCut corns with a razor blade to prevent pressure
- DWalk barefoot at home to strengthen the feet
2.Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunumZor
A patient is listed for coronary angiography in the morning. Which pre-procedure result should the nurse report to the team?
- AA haemoglobin in the normal range
- BA markedly reduced eGFR
- CA blood glucose of 5,4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
- DA normal platelet count
3.Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrekOrta
The day after a thyroidectomy, a patient reports tingling around the mouth and in the fingers. Why might this happen?
- AThe thyroid hormone level has risen too high after surgery
- BThe anaesthetic has caused an allergic reaction
- CThe patient is breathing too slowly after the operation
- DThe parathyroid glands may have been damaged, lowering calcium
4.Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrekZor
An 89-year-old with stage 5 CKD and severe heart failure, who has capacity, decides not to start dialysis. What is the nurse's best response?
- ATell the patient they must start dialysis by law
- BRespect the decision and support symptom-focused care
- CAsk the family to change the patient's mind
- DStop all care, because nothing more can be done
5.Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkolojiOrta
Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?
- AAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
- BLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed
- CUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible
- DFlush the line only when it blocks
6.Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkolojiZor
A nurse teaches a patient after a colonoscopy with polyp removal. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I should report a fever or a swollen, painful abdomen."
- B"I'll report heavy bleeding from my bottom."
- C"Some wind and bloating today is expected."
- D"Severe abdominal pain is normal for a week afterwards."
7.Klinik hemşirelikOrta
Why must a patient with a new coronary stent not stop their antiplatelet medicines without specialist advice?
- AStopping early greatly increases the risk of a clot forming in the stent
- BStopping causes severe low blood pressure
- CStopping causes immediate kidney failure
- DThe stent will dissolve if the drugs are stopped before the course ends
8.Klinik hemşirelikZor
Karın ameliyatından sonra bir hasta sekiz saattir idrar yapmamış, alt karında rahatsızlığı var ve mesane palpe ediliyor. En olası sorun nedir?
- ARetansiyonsuz idrar yolu enfeksiyonu
- Bİdrar üretiminin olmadığı akut böbrek hasarı
- CAkut idrar retansiyonu
- DYalnızca dehidratasyon
9.Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitlerOrta
A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?
- AIron overload from too much iron
- BA completely normal iron status
- CVitamin B12 deficiency anemia
- DIron deficiency without anemia yet
10.Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitlerZor
A middle-aged man has fatigue, joint pain, a raised ALT and new diabetes. His ferritin is very high and his transferrin saturation is above 60%. Which condition is most likely?
- AAnemia of chronic disease
- BIron-deficiency anemia
- CAcute viral hepatitis A
- DHereditary hemochromatosis
11.Arter kan gazı yorumlamaOrta
Alıştırma değerleri: Na⁺ 151 mmol/L, glukoz 30,7 mmol/L ve üre 9,2 mmol/L. Serum ozmolalitesini, Osm = 2·Na⁺ + glukoz + üre, en yakın tam sayıya yuvarlayarak hesaplayın.
Na⁺ 151 mmol/Lglukoz 30,7 mmol/Lüre 9,2 mmol/L
Osm = mOsm/kg
12.Arter kan gazı yorumlamaZor
Deniz seviyesinde, %30 oksijende alınan bir alıştırma gazı PaO₂ 87 mmHg (11,6 kPa) ve PaCO₂ 53 mmHg (7,1 kPa) gösteriyor. A–a gradyanı değerini bulmak için PAO₂ = FiO₂·(760 − 47) − PaCO₂/0,8 kullanın.
FiO₂ 30%PaO₂ 87 mmHg (11,6 kPa)PaCO₂ 53 mmHg (7,1 kPa)
A–a gradyanı = mmHg
13.EKG ritim şeridi yorumlamaOrta
Bu düzenli DII şeridinde QT aralığını ve R–R aralığını ölçün, sonra hıza göre düzeltilmiş QTc değerini Fridericia formülüyle hesaplayın: QTc = QT/∛RR (her ikisi de saniye cinsinden). Cevabı saniye cinsinden üç ondalık basamakla verin.
DII derivasyonu, 25 mm/sn, 10 mm/mV1 küçük kare = 0,04 sn, 1 büyük kare = 0,20 snşerit uzunluğu 6 sn
QTc = s
14.EKG ritim şeridi yorumlamaZor
Bu DII şeridi bir AV blok gösteriyor; bu nedenle atriyumlar ve ventriküller farklı hızlarda atıyor. P–P aralığını ölçün ve atriyal hız değerini dakikadaki atım sayısı olarak bulun (1500 yöntemi, tam sayı).
DII derivasyonu, 25 mm/sn, 10 mm/mV1 küçük kare = 0,04 sn, 1 büyük kare = 0,20 snşerit uzunluğu 6 sn
atriyal hız = bpm
15.Önceliklendirme ve yetki devriOrta
After a hip replacement using a posterior approach, which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will use a raised toilet seat at home.”
- B“I will keep a pillow between my knees when I lie on my side in bed.”
- C“I will cross my legs when I sit, so I am more comfortable.”
- D“I will not bend my hip past 90 degrees.”
16.Önceliklendirme ve yetki devriZor
A patient admitted with suspected appendicitis says the pain suddenly got better, but now the abdomen is rigid and the heart rate is rising. What does this suggest?
- AThe pain has moved to a different, harmless place
- BThe appendix may have ruptured, causing peritonitis
- CThe patient’s analgesic has finally started to work
- DThe appendicitis is getting better without surgery