Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

A patient on a medical unit tells the nurse he has a plan to end his life and has saved tablets at home. What is the priority action?

1. AEnsure constant observation and remove anything he could use to harm himself
2. BAsk him to promise he will not harm himself
3. CArrange a psychiatry appointment for next week
4. DReassure him that things usually look better in the morning after some sleep

Which finding after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is expected and needs only reassurance and comfort measures?

1. AIncreasing abdominal pain with a temperature of 39 °C
2. BRight shoulder pain from the gas used during surgery
3. CA heart rate of 125/min with a falling blood pressure
4. DYellow skin with dark urine on the second day

Điều dưỡng nhận y lệnh bằng lời qua điện thoại. Cách thực hành nào an toàn nhất?

1. AThực hiện mà không ghi lại
2. BNhớ và ghi lại vào cuối ca
3. CViết ra và đọc lại cho người kê đơn
4. DNhờ đồng nghiệp nghe cùng và cũng ghi nhớ

Several patients on a ward develop vomiting and diarrhea within two days, and a norovirus outbreak is suspected. What should the nurse do first?

1. AMove the affected patients to different wards so that fewer people are exposed
2. BWait for all the stool results to come back before taking any action
3. CNotify the infection prevention team and place affected patients on contact precautions
4. DAsk visitors to bring in bottled water for all patients

When do the blood counts usually reach their lowest point (nadir) after many standard chemotherapy regimens?

1. AAbout 7–14 days after treatment
2. BWithin 1–2 hours of treatment
3. CAbout 6 months after treatment
4. DOn the same day as treatment

Weeks after neck surgery, a patient has muscle cramps and tingling. Calcium is low, phosphate is high and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is low. Which condition fits best?

1. AHypoparathyroidism
2. BPrimary hyperparathyroidism
3. CChronic kidney disease
4. DVitamin D toxicity

Which examination findings suggest a large pleural effusion on one side?

1. ANormal breath sounds and normal percussion
2. BA hyper-resonant chest with the trachea pulled towards that side
3. CDull percussion and reduced breath sounds over the lung base
4. DWheeze heard over both lungs

Xét nghiệm máu của bệnh nhân cho kali 6,8 mmol/L và điện tâm đồ có sóng T nhọn. Điều trị nào bảo vệ tim nhanh nhất?

1. AViên furosemide vào ngày hôm sau
2. BKali bổ sung đường uống
3. CChỉ chế độ ăn ít kali
4. DCalci gluconate tĩnh mạch

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
2. BAcute pericarditis
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque

A patient with a confirmed pulmonary embolism has BP 78/50 mmHg despite fluids, and the right ventricle is dilated on echocardiography. Which treatment is most likely?

1. ASystemic thrombolysis
2. BOral apixaban only, started next week
3. CAn inhaled bronchodilator
4. DCompression stockings and bed rest

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

1. AAt a full dose from the first day
2. BAt a low dose, increased slowly
3. COnly after the angina has been cured
4. DAs a single large weekly injection

A patient has erratic glucose readings. The nurse finds a soft, rubbery lump where they always inject. What is the most important teaching?

1. AMassage the lump firmly after every injection
2. BKeep injecting into the lump, because it hurts less there
3. CUse healthy sites and check glucose often, as less insulin may be needed
4. DDouble the insulin dose because the lump blocks the insulin

Which change suggests that a burn wound is becoming infected?

1. ALess exudate on each dressing change
2. BA partial-thickness burn becoming deeper, with new discolouration
3. CThe wound becoming pink and a little smaller at each dressing change
4. DDry, healing skin with mild itching

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea
2. BSimple constipation from low intake
3. CToxic megacolon
4. DThe flare is getting better