Phiếu bài tập Sinh học cho kỳ thi đầu vào điều dưỡng có đáp án

What do receptor proteins in the cell membrane do?

1. AThey store the cell's genetic code for making proteins
2. BThey make ATP for the cell
3. CThey bind specific signal molecules, such as hormones
4. DThey digest bacteria that enter the cell

What is a zygote?

1. AA haploid cell made by meiosis
2. BThe diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilises an egg
3. CA body cell that has just completed its first round of mitosis
4. DAn unfertilised egg cell

What is the main material in the cell wall of bacteria?

1. ACellulose
2. BChitin
3. CPeptidoglycan
4. DKeratin

Một hồng cầu được đặt vào nước tinh khiết. Điều gì có nhiều khả năng xảy ra nhất?

1. ANó co lại và nhăn nheo
2. BNó giữ nguyên kích thước
3. CNó trương lên và có thể vỡ
4. DNó phân chia thành hai tế bào

What is a prion?

1. AA fungal spore that infects the brain
2. BA bacterium without a cell wall that lives inside nerve cells
3. CA misfolded protein that causes normal proteins to misfold
4. DA very small virus with a DNA genome

How can bacteria pass antibiotic-resistance genes directly to other bacteria?

1. ABy mitosis, sharing copies of their chromosomes with neighbours
2. BBy conjugation, transferring plasmids through a pilus
3. CBy meiosis, forming gametes with new alleles
4. DBy osmosis, moving genes in water

The wings of a bat and the wings of a butterfly are used for flying but have very different structures. What are they called, and what does this show?

1. AHomologous structures, which have the same bones inside
2. BVestigial structures, which no longer have a function
3. CAnalogous structures, which evolved separately for the same job
4. DHomologous structures, which were inherited from a shared ancestor

A pesticide that is not broken down is sprayed on crops. Later, hawks at the top of the food chain have much higher levels of it than the insects. Why?

1. AHawks eat the crops directly, so they take in the most pesticide of all
2. BHawks make the pesticide in their own bodies
3. CEach predator eats many prey, so the pesticide builds up at each level
4. DThe pesticide is broken down faster in insects than in plants