Phiếu bài tập Sinh học cho kỳ thi đầu vào điều dưỡng có đáp án

What is natural selection?

1. AIndividuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more
2. BOrganisms changing their genes when they need to
3. CAnimals choosing which mates they like best, so traits change at random
4. DHumans breeding plants for useful traits

What are stomata?

1. ASmall pores in leaves that allow gas exchange
2. BGreen structures in the leaf that store starch
3. CHairs on roots that absorb minerals
4. DTubes that carry water up the stem

Which gas do plants take in from the air for photosynthesis?

1. AHydrogen
2. BOxygen
3. CNitrogen
4. DCarbon dioxide

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single base change that replaces one amino acid in haemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?

1. AA frameshift mutation
2. BA missense mutation
3. CA nonsense mutation
4. DA silent mutation

A cell has a nucleus and mitochondria but no cell wall and no chloroplasts. What kind of cell is it most likely to be?

1. AAn animal cell
2. BA plant cell
3. CA fungal cell
4. DA bacterial cell

Why do the palisade cells near the top surface of a leaf contain many chloroplasts?

1. AThey carry sugars from the leaves down to the roots
2. BThey store most of the plant's water for dry periods
3. CThey protect the leaf from insects and strong winds
4. DThey get the most light and do most of the photosynthesis

A point mutation changes a codon in the middle of a gene into a stop codon. What is the most likely effect?

1. AA protein with one different amino acid
2. BNo change, because stop codons are ignored
3. CA protein that is longer than normal
4. DA shortened protein that usually does not work

Home pregnancy tests use antibodies that bind the hormone hCG. Why do they react with hCG and not with other proteins in urine?

1. AAntibodies bind every protein but change colour only with hCG
2. BThe hormone hCG is a type of antibody itself
3. CEach antibody binds a specific antigen shape
4. DUrine contains no other proteins at all