Cell biology worksheet with answers

What happens to a red blood cell placed in pure water?

1. AIt swells and may burst
2. BIt stays the same size
3. CIt divides into two cells
4. DIt shrinks and shrivels

What is exocytosis?

1. ABreakdown of the cell membrane
2. BMovement of ions through protein pumps
3. CUptake of fluid and dissolved solutes into small vesicles formed by the membrane
4. DRelease of substances from the cell by vesicles fusing with the membrane

The cell membrane is mainly made of:

1. ACellulose
2. BA phospholipid bilayer with proteins
3. CStarch
4. DDNA

How do large proteins such as transcription factors enter the nucleus?

1. AThey are made inside the nucleus by nuclear ribosomes, so they never enter
2. BBy diffusing freely through the nuclear membrane lipids
3. CThrough nuclear pore complexes, guided by a nuclear localisation signal
4. DBy exocytosis from the endoplasmic reticulum

What role does cholesterol play in animal cell membranes?

1. AIt makes the membrane completely rigid at every temperature
2. BIt is the main carrier of glucose
3. CIt helps keep membrane fluidity stable across temperatures
4. DIt forms channels for ions

Apoptosis is:

1. AUncontrolled cell division
2. BProgrammed cell death
3. CCell growth
4. DCell fusion

In damaged tissue, cells swell, their membranes burst and the area becomes inflamed. Which type of cell death is this?

1. ASenescence
2. BMitosis
3. CNecrosis
4. DApoptosis

Avery, MacLeod and McCarty treated the transforming extract with different enzymes. Which result showed that DNA was the transforming principle?

1. AOnly RNase destroyed the transforming activity
2. BOnly DNase destroyed the transforming activity
3. CNone of the enzymes had any effect
4. DOnly protease destroyed the transforming activity