Clinical nursing worksheet with answers

A patient's care plan says "nil by mouth". What does this mean?

1. AOnly clear fluids such as water and black tea are allowed
2. BFood is allowed, but drinks must be stopped until the next day
3. CThe patient may eat if they feel hungry
4. DNo food or drink by mouth unless specific exceptions are prescribed

A pneumothorax is:

1. AAn infection of the lung tissue, usually caused by bacteria
2. BA blood clot in the lung arteries
3. CFluid in the alveoli, usually from heart failure
4. DAir in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse

Jaundice is a yellow colour of the skin and eyes caused by a raised level of:

1. APotassium
2. BGlucose
3. CBilirubin
4. DUrea

A patient on the ward has shingles with open blisters. Which people are most at risk from contact?

1. APeople who have already had chickenpox in childhood and are now healthy
2. BNo one, because shingles cannot spread
3. COnly people over 80 who have already had shingles themselves
4. DPregnant women and immunocompromised people who have not had chickenpox

Which blood results are typical of Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency)?

1. AHigh sodium and low potassium
2. BHigh glucose and high calcium
3. CLow sodium and high potassium
4. DLow haemoglobin and high platelets

Which side effect of regular opioids usually needs preventive treatment from the start?

1. AHigh blood pressure
2. BConstipation
3. CExcessive hunger
4. DDiarrhoea

A patient is taught to self-inject low-molecular-weight heparin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will change the injection site each time."
2. B"I will rub the area firmly after the injection."
3. C"I will inject into the fatty tissue of my abdomen."
4. D"I will report any unusual bleeding or bruising."

A patient with known cirrhosis suddenly vomits large amounts of bright red blood and becomes tachycardic. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA Mallory-Weiss tear from a small amount of vomiting
2. BBleeding from ruptured oesophageal varices
3. CSwallowed blood from a nosebleed
4. DA lower GI bleed from diverticular disease