1.Easy
What does "orthopnoea" mean?
- ABreathlessness only during exercise
- BBreathlessness when lying flat
- CBreathing that is abnormally slow
- DA pause in breathing during sleep
2.Easy
What is the aim of aseptic non-touch technique (ANTT)?
- ATo allow procedures to be done without gloves in all cases
- BTo make every procedure completely sterile
- CTo protect key parts and key sites from contamination
- DTo avoid needing to wash hands
3.Easy
Which of these intravenous fluids is isotonic?
- A0.9% sodium chloride
- B3% sodium chloride
- C8.4% sodium bicarbonate
- D10% glucose
4.Medium
A patient with type 2 diabetes is acutely unwell, very dehydrated and has a blood glucose of 40 mmol/L without significant ketones. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- ADiabetes insipidus
- BDiabetic ketoacidosis with dehydration
- CHyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
- DHypoglycaemia
5.Medium
Which oxygen device delivers a precise, fixed concentration of oxygen?
- ANon-rebreathe mask
- BNasal cannula
- CSimple face mask
- DVenturi mask
6.Medium
The WHO analgesic ladder recommends:
- AUsing only non-drug methods for cancer pain
- BStarting all patients on strong opioids
- CGiving analgesia only when pain becomes severe
- DMoving from non-opioids to weak and then strong opioids as pain increases
7.Hard
A patient is admitted with suspected meningococcal disease. Which infection control measure is usually needed?
- AAirborne precautions with a negative-pressure room for the whole hospital stay
- BDroplet precautions until 24 hours of effective antibiotics have been given
- CIsolation only after the patient has gone home
- DNo precautions, because it is not contagious
8.Hard
The fluid in an underwater seal chest drain has stopped swinging with breathing. What could this mean?
- AThe tube may be kinked or blocked, or the lung may have fully re-expanded
- BThe drain is working perfectly and needs no checks
- CThe water seal has been set up correctly for the first time
- DThe patient's breathing has become normal and the drain can be pulled out by the nurse
Answer key
- 1. B · Breathlessness when lying flat
- 2. C · To protect key parts and key sites from contamination
- 3. A · 0.9% sodium chloride
- 4. C · Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
- 5. D · Venturi mask
- 6. D · Moving from non-opioids to weak and then strong opioids as pain increases
- 7. B · Droplet precautions until 24 hours of effective antibiotics have been given
- 8. A · The tube may be kinked or blocked, or the lung may have fully re-expanded
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