Clinical nursing worksheet with answers

Which hormone made by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell production?

1. AErythropoietin
2. BAldosterone
3. CThyroxine
4. DInsulin

What is a common early sign of a stroke?

1. AItchy skin on both arms
2. BGradual memory loss developing over several years
3. CFever with a productive cough
4. DSudden facial droop or arm weakness on one side

Which of these is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease?

1. AAge
2. BSmoking
3. CFamily history
4. DMale sex

What is the most common cause of hypernatraemia in frail older inpatients?

1. AToo much exercise
2. BNot drinking enough water
3. CEating too much salt in one meal
4. DTaking too many vitamins

For a patient in skin traction on the leg, which is correct?

1. AThe weights rest on the floor overnight
2. BThe weights are removed whenever the patient feels uncomfortable
3. CThe rope is tied to the bed frame to keep it still
4. DThe weights hang freely and do not rest on the bed or floor

A patient with liver cirrhosis becomes confused and drowsy, with a flapping tremor of the hands. Which complication is likely?

1. AHepatic encephalopathy
2. BAlcohol intoxication only
3. CHypoglycaemia caused by insulin
4. DStroke

A patient with COPD on high-flow oxygen becomes drowsy with a bounding pulse and flushed skin. Blood gas shows a raised PaCO₂ and low pH. What is the most likely cause?

1. AHypercapnic respiratory failure, partly due to excessive oxygen
2. BOpioid allergy
3. CMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
4. DHypoglycaemia

A patient with long-standing COPD has an arterial blood gas with pH 7.37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How is this best described?

1. ACompensated respiratory acidosis
2. BMixed metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
3. CUncompensated metabolic alkalosis
4. DAcute respiratory acidosis