1.Easy
Which of these is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease?
- AFamily history
- BMale sex
- CSmoking
- DAge
2.Easy
The term "bradycardia" in an adult means a heart rate:
- AAbove 100 beats per minute
- BThat is irregularly irregular
- CBelow 60 beats per minute
- DBetween 60 and 100 beats per minute
3.Easy
Which item is part of the "Sepsis Six" bundle?
- AStarting physiotherapy
- BArranging discharge
- CTaking blood cultures
- DGiving a laxative
4.Medium
Which side effect of regular opioids usually needs preventive treatment from the start?
- AExcessive hunger
- BDiarrhoea
- CHigh blood pressure
- DConstipation
5.Medium
During an IV infusion, the area around the cannula becomes swollen, cool and pale, and the infusion slows. What is likely?
- APhlebitis caused by bacterial infection of the vein wall
- BAir embolism
- CInfiltration of fluid into the surrounding tissue
- DFluid overload of the circulation
6.Medium
Why are patients with atrial fibrillation often given anticoagulants?
- ATo convert the rhythm back to normal
- BTo slow the heart rate directly and prevent palpitations
- CTo lower the blood pressure
- DTo reduce the risk of stroke from clots in the atria
7.Hard
A patient with small cell lung cancer has hyponatraemia, concentrated urine and no signs of dehydration. Which condition and first measure fit best?
- ASIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
- BCushing's syndrome, managed with potassium
- CDiabetes insipidus, managed with extra fluids
- DDehydration, managed with an IV fluid bolus
8.Hard
Soon after starting chemotherapy for a high-grade lymphoma, a patient has rising potassium, phosphate and uric acid with falling urine output. What is the most likely cause?
- ARefeeding syndrome
- BAdrenal insufficiency
- CTumour lysis syndrome
- DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
Answer key
- 1. C · Smoking
- 2. C · Below 60 beats per minute
- 3. C · Taking blood cultures
- 4. D · Constipation
- 5. C · Infiltration of fluid into the surrounding tissue
- 6. D · To reduce the risk of stroke from clots in the atria
- 7. A · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
- 8. C · Tumour lysis syndrome
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