Clinical nursing worksheet with answers

A patient's care plan says "nil by mouth". What does this mean?

1. AOnly clear fluids such as water and black tea are allowed
2. BNo food or drink by mouth unless specific exceptions are prescribed
3. CThe patient may eat if they feel hungry
4. DFood is allowed, but drinks must be stopped until the next day

What is the most reliable indicator of pain in a patient who can communicate?

1. AThe patient's own report
2. BThe patient's heart rate
3. CThe patient's blood pressure
4. DThe nurse's impression of their face

What is a common early sign of a stroke?

1. AGradual memory loss developing over several years
2. BSudden facial droop or arm weakness on one side
3. CItchy skin on both arms
4. DFever with a productive cough

Which is a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. ATaking regular paracetamol
2. BRegular exercise
3. CRecent broad-spectrum antibiotic use
4. DA diet high in fibre and fresh fruit

After a total hip replacement through a posterior approach, which movement should the patient usually avoid in the early weeks?

1. AWalking short distances with a frame and a physiotherapist
2. BBending the hip beyond 90 degrees or crossing the legs
3. CDoing gentle ankle exercises
4. DLying on their back

What is the recommended first aid for a thermal burn?

1. ASpread butter or oil over the burn
2. BApply ice directly to the burn until the pain stops completely
3. CBurst any blisters to release the fluid
4. DCool it under cool running water for about 20 minutes

An adult with capacity refuses a blood transfusion for religious reasons, even though it may save their life. What should the nurse do?

1. ARespect the refusal, check it is informed and document it, and inform the team
2. BSedate the patient so the transfusion can be given
3. CAsk a family member to consent instead
4. DGive the transfusion while the patient is asleep, as it is in their best interests

Which patient should the nurse assess first?

1. AA patient with asthma who can only speak in single words
2. BA patient with diabetes whose glucose is 11 mmol/L (198 mg/dL) before lunch
3. CA postoperative patient who rates their pain as 6/10
4. DA patient with COPD whose SpO₂ is 89% and within their target range