Clinical nursing worksheet with answers

The MUST tool is used to screen adults for:

1. ADepression
2. BRisk of falls
3. CMalnutrition
4. DPressure ulcer risk

On an ECG, what does the P wave represent?

1. AClosure of the heart valves
2. BVentricular depolarisation
3. CAtrial depolarisation
4. DVentricular repolarisation

The term "melaena" describes:

1. APale clay-coloured stools
2. BBright red blood mixed into vomit or sputum
3. CBlack, tarry, foul-smelling stools
4. DDark yellow urine

An older patient is at high risk of falls on the ward. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

1. AKeep the call bell and belongings within reach and review medicines that cause drowsiness
2. BRemove the patient's glasses to prevent breakage
3. CRestrict the patient to bed at all times
4. DUse bed rails for every patient automatically

Which group of symptoms suggests hypercalcaemia?

1. ATingling lips, muscle cramps and spasms of the hands and feet
2. BSweating, tremor and sudden hunger
3. CThirst, constipation, confusion and abdominal pain
4. DWeight gain, feeling cold and a slow pulse

Which group of symptoms suggests hypothyroidism?

1. AExcessive thirst and passing large volumes of urine
2. BWeight loss, heat intolerance and tremor
3. CFever, neck stiffness and photophobia
4. DTiredness, weight gain and feeling cold

A patient on metformin with reduced kidney function is due a CT scan with IV contrast. Why might metformin be withheld?

1. AMetformin reacts with the contrast to cause severe hyperglycaemia
2. BMetformin makes the images blurry
3. CMetformin causes severe bleeding during scans
4. DThere is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function worsens

Why can pulse oximetry be misleading in carbon monoxide poisoning?

1. AStandard oximeters cannot tell carboxyhaemoglobin from oxyhaemoglobin
2. BThe oximeter overheats in smoke-exposed patients
3. CCarbon monoxide makes the oximeter read zero even in a well patient
4. DCarbon monoxide only affects the heart rate reading