1.Easy
Which assessment should be done regularly after a limb is put in a plaster cast?
- APeak flow measurement
- BVisual acuity test
- CHearing test
- DNeurovascular observations of the limb below the cast
2.Easy
Which group of findings suggests fluid overload?
- ALow jugular venous pressure and cool skin
- BSwollen ankles, breathlessness, lung crackles and weight gain
- CDry mouth, thirst, dark urine and a rapid weak pulse
- DWeight loss, sunken eyes and a dry mouth
3.Easy
Stridor, a harsh noise heard mainly on breathing in, is a sign of:
- AFluid collecting in the bases of both lungs
- BMild constipation
- CNarrowing or obstruction of the upper airway
- DNormal breathing during sleep
4.Medium
A patient with dysphagia after a stroke has been cleared for a modified diet. How should they be positioned for meals?
- ASitting fully upright, and staying upright for a time after eating
- BLying flat on their back with the head turned to one side
- CSemi-reclined at about 20 degrees, with the head supported on pillows
- DLying on their side with the knees bent
5.Medium
What is one advantage of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) such as apixaban compared with warfarin?
- AIt is safe in all patients with severe kidney failure
- BIt has no risk of bleeding
- CIt does not need routine INR monitoring
- DIt never interacts with other drugs
6.Medium
Which side effect of regular opioids usually needs preventive treatment from the start?
- AConstipation
- BDiarrhoea
- CHigh blood pressure
- DExcessive hunger
7.Hard
Which finding most strongly suggests a pulmonary embolism in a postoperative patient?
- AWheeze that improves with salbutamol
- BSlow heart rate with high blood pressure
- CGradual onset of cough with yellow sputum and mild fever over a week
- DSudden breathlessness and pleuritic chest pain with tachycardia
8.Hard
A patient on an unfractionated heparin infusion is also started on warfarin. Which tests are used to monitor each drug?
- AINR for heparin and APTT for warfarin
- BPlatelet count for both drugs
- CAPTT for heparin and INR for warfarin
- DD-dimer for both drugs
Answer key
- 1. D · Neurovascular observations of the limb below the cast
- 2. B · Swollen ankles, breathlessness, lung crackles and weight gain
- 3. C · Narrowing or obstruction of the upper airway
- 4. A · Sitting fully upright, and staying upright for a time after eating
- 5. C · It does not need routine INR monitoring
- 6. A · Constipation
- 7. D · Sudden breathlessness and pleuritic chest pain with tachycardia
- 8. C · APTT for heparin and INR for warfarin
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