1.Easy
What does SBAR stand for in clinical handover?
- ASafety, Breathing, Alertness, Risk
- BSummary, Bedside, Action, Review
- CSymptoms, Blood pressure, Airway, Respiratory rate
- DSituation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
2.Easy
Which of these is a common complication of prolonged bed rest?
- ADeep vein thrombosis
- BLower risk of pressure ulcers
- CImproved lung expansion
- DIncreased muscle strength
3.Easy
Seasonal influenza is mainly spread by:
- ARespiratory droplets and contaminated hands or surfaces
- BContaminated food only
- CMosquito and other insect bites in warm weather
- DBlood transfusions and contaminated needles
4.Medium
Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?
- ACloudy urine with no other symptoms
- BFever, rigors and loin pain
- CFrequency without any pain
- DMild burning on passing urine only
5.Medium
Why does a patient with a suspected TIA need urgent specialist assessment?
- AA TIA always turns into a brain tumour unless it is treated
- BThe risk of a full stroke is highest in the days after a TIA
- CThe patient needs urgent surgery on the brain
- DThe symptoms will come back permanently within an hour
6.Medium
A patient with chronic kidney disease should usually limit which of these in their diet?
- ACarbohydrates completely
- BWater-soluble vitamins only
- CVitamin C and fibre
- DPotassium and phosphate
7.Hard
A severely hypothermic patient is in cardiac arrest. Why is resuscitation usually continued until they are rewarmed?
- AHypothermia always causes brain death quickly
- BAdrenaline works better in cold patients
- CCold patients cannot be defibrillated at all, so CPR is the only possible treatment
- DThe cold protects the brain, so recovery may be possible after long resuscitation
8.Hard
A patient's blood test shows potassium 6.8 mmol/L and the ECG shows peaked T waves. Which treatment protects the heart most quickly?
- AA low-potassium diet only
- BFurosemide tablets the next day
- CIV calcium gluconate
- DOral potassium supplements
Answer key
- 1. D · Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
- 2. A · Deep vein thrombosis
- 3. A · Respiratory droplets and contaminated hands or surfaces
- 4. B · Fever, rigors and loin pain
- 5. B · The risk of a full stroke is highest in the days after a TIA
- 6. D · Potassium and phosphate
- 7. D · The cold protects the brain, so recovery may be possible after long resuscitation
- 8. C · IV calcium gluconate
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