Clinical nursing worksheet with answers

Which of these is a common complication of prolonged bed rest?

1. AIncreased muscle strength
2. BLower risk of pressure ulcers
3. CDeep vein thrombosis
4. DImproved lung expansion

A patient's care plan says "nil by mouth". What does this mean?

1. AFood is allowed, but drinks must be stopped until the next day
2. BNo food or drink by mouth unless specific exceptions are prescribed
3. COnly clear fluids such as water and black tea are allowed
4. DThe patient may eat if they feel hungry

The term "haemoptysis" means:

1. APassing blood in the urine
2. BVomiting blood
3. CA nosebleed
4. DCoughing up blood

Why must levodopa for Parkinson's disease be given at the exact times prescribed in hospital?

1. ALate doses cause dangerous high potassium
2. BThe drug only works if taken at midnight
3. CEarly doses cause severe low blood glucose and sweating attacks
4. DDelays can quickly worsen rigidity, immobility and swallowing

A patient has lost more than 10% of their body weight without trying over the last few months and has a low BMI. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ARestrict fluids to encourage appetite and give a low-protein diet instead
2. BRefer to the dietitian and start a nutrition care plan with food charts
3. CWeigh the patient again in six months and review at that point
4. DEncourage a low-calorie diet

A patient receiving warfarin has an INR far above the target range and bruising. Which drug may be prescribed to reverse the effect?

1. AAspirin
2. BVitamin K
3. CNaloxone
4. DProtamine sulfate

An older patient with delirium is trying to leave the ward at night, saying he must go home. What is the best initial approach?

1. ACalmly reassure and redirect him while the team assesses his capacity and safety
2. BPhysically restrain him in bed until the morning so that he cannot fall
3. CLet him leave, because adults can always do as they wish whatever their state
4. DGive a sedative straight away without a prescription

Shortly after starting a transfusion, a patient becomes breathless, wheezy and hypotensive with facial swelling. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASlow the transfusion rate and recheck the observations in an hour
2. BFinish the unit quickly so the exposure time is as short as possible
3. CGive paracetamol and an antihistamine and continue the transfusion
4. DStop the transfusion, keep IV access and call for urgent help