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Name: ____________________ Date: ____________
1.Easy
A token economy is a treatment based on:
AOperant conditioning
BClassical conditioning
CPsychoanalytic interpretation
DHumanistic self-actualisation
2.Easy
In behaviour therapy, flooding means:
APairing an unwanted behaviour with an unpleasant stimulus
BExposing the person to the most feared stimulus at once until anxiety falls
CRewarding desired behaviour with tokens
DGradually exposing the person to a fear hierarchy while they stay deeply relaxed
3.Easy
Which symptom is characteristic of a manic episode?
AFeeling slowed down, hopeless and unable to enjoy activities
BDecreased need for sleep and inflated self-esteem
CPersistent fear of specific objects
DRepeated checking of locks
4.Medium
The key difference between factitious disorder and malingering is that in malingering:
ASymptoms are produced unconsciously without any intention
BThe person truly has a physical illness
CSymptoms are faked for an obvious external reward such as money or avoiding work
DThe person seeks to take on the sick role itself, without any obvious external gain
5.Medium
In Beck's cognitive model of depression, the "cognitive triad" consists of negative views about:
AOne's past, present and future only
BBody, mind and spirit
CParents, friends and teachers
DOneself, the world and the future
6.Medium
Which statement best distinguishes obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) from OCD?
AOCPD always involves hand washing
BOCPD is a psychotic disorder
CIn OCPD, intrusive unwanted thoughts trigger rituals that the person recognises as excessive
DIn OCPD, perfectionism and rigidity are usually experienced as acceptable parts of the self
7.Hard
Why is the medical model of mental illness criticised by proponents of the psychological approaches?
AIt may overlook psychological and social causes and reduce people's sense of agency
BIt is based only on dream analysis
CIt rejects the use of medication entirely
DIt denies that the brain and biological factors have any role in behaviour or emotion
8.Hard
Which statement about the placebo effect in antidepressant trials is most accurate?
APlacebo response is so strong that antidepressants have never shown any benefit over it in trials
BPlacebos work only in physical illnesses
CPlacebo effects never occur in depression
DPlacebo response rates are substantial, so trials need control groups to show drug effects
Answer key
1. A · Operant conditioning
2. B · Exposing the person to the most feared stimulus at once until anxiety falls
3. B · Decreased need for sleep and inflated self-esteem
4. C · Symptoms are faked for an obvious external reward such as money or avoiding work
5. D · Oneself, the world and the future
6. D · In OCPD, perfectionism and rigidity are usually experienced as acceptable parts of the self
7. A · It may overlook psychological and social causes and reduce people's sense of agency
8. D · Placebo response rates are substantial, so trials need control groups to show drug effects
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