1.Easy
Systematic desensitisation is mainly used to treat:
- ASchizophrenia
- BDementia
- CPhobias
- DPersonality disorders
2.Easy
Anorexia nervosa is characterised by:
- ARecurrent binges followed by self-induced vomiting at a normal or above-normal body weight
- BEating non-food substances such as soil or chalk
- CRegular binges without any compensatory behaviour
- DRestricted intake, significantly low body weight and intense fear of gaining weight
3.Easy
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after:
- AA stressful but ordinary exam day only
- BLearning a new skill
- CExposure to a traumatic event
- DAny change in routine
4.Medium
The diathesis–stress model proposes that mental disorders arise from:
- AGenes alone
- BAn underlying vulnerability combined with environmental stress
- CPoor parenting alone
- DStress alone
5.Medium
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin in the synapse by:
- ADestroying serotonin receptors
- BBlocking the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron
- CSpeeding up the breakdown of serotonin by monoamine oxidase enzymes
- DBlocking dopamine release
6.Medium
Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) must avoid foods rich in tyramine because:
- AThe combination causes tardive dyskinesia
- BTyramine blocks the antidepressant effect of MAOIs completely
- CTyramine causes severe weight loss
- DThe combination can cause a dangerous rise in blood pressure
7.Hard
A man says that a famous singer is secretly in love with him and sends him coded messages through her songs. Apart from this, his thinking and behaviour are normal, with no hallucinations. Which diagnosis fits best?
- ANarcissistic personality disorder
- BSchizophrenia, paranoid type
- CBipolar disorder with mania
- DDelusional disorder, erotomanic type
8.Hard
A man who hears the word "thud" is admitted to hospital, then behaves normally. Staff record his note-taking as "engages in writing behaviour". In Rosenhan's study, what does this illustrate?
- AOnce a label is applied, normal behaviour tends to be interpreted as a sign of the disorder
- BPseudopatients developed real symptoms in hospital
- CNote-taking is a recognised symptom of schizophrenia, so the staff were right to record it as such
- DStaff deliberately falsified records
Answer key
- 1. C · Phobias
- 2. D · Restricted intake, significantly low body weight and intense fear of gaining weight
- 3. C · Exposure to a traumatic event
- 4. B · An underlying vulnerability combined with environmental stress
- 5. B · Blocking the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron
- 6. D · The combination can cause a dangerous rise in blood pressure
- 7. D · Delusional disorder, erotomanic type
- 8. A · Once a label is applied, normal behaviour tends to be interpreted as a sign of the disorder
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