1.Easy
What does a VPN mainly provide?
- AA free public IP address for every device
- BAutomatic backup of files to a server
- CAn encrypted tunnel across an untrusted network such as the internet
- DA faster physical connection to the internet through a dedicated line
2.Easy
Which command shows the routers a packet passes through on its way to a destination?
- Anslookup
- Bnetstat
- Ctraceroute (tracert on Windows)
- Dipconfig
3.Easy
What does a packet header mainly contain?
- AThe website's text and images
- BThe cable type used for the link
- CControl information such as source and destination addresses
- DThe user's actual file contents, split into equal-sized pieces
4.Medium
Which of these is a private IPv4 address range?
- A8.8.8.0/24
- B100.0.0.0/8
- C200.1.1.0/24
- D192.168.0.0/16
5.Medium
What is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) used for in Ethernet frames?
- ADetecting transmission errors
- BEncrypting the frame
- CChoosing the best route
- DCorrecting every bit error automatically
6.Medium
Which TCP flag signals that a sender has finished sending data?
- APSH
- BURG
- CFIN
- DSYN
7.Hard
You must divide 192.168.1.0/24 into at least 5 subnets with up to 25 hosts each. Which prefix length fits best?
- A/28
- B/26
- C/27
- D/25
8.Hard
What is the main benefit of persistent connections (keep-alive) in HTTP/1.1?
- AThe server can push updates over UDP
- BThe connection stays encrypted without TLS
- CSeveral requests reuse one TCP connection, avoiding repeated handshakes
- DResponses can arrive in any order on one stream, so slow replies do not block others
Answer key
- 1. C · An encrypted tunnel across an untrusted network such as the internet
- 2. C · traceroute (tracert on Windows)
- 3. C · Control information such as source and destination addresses
- 4. D · 192.168.0.0/16
- 5. A · Detecting transmission errors
- 6. C · FIN
- 7. C · /27
- 8. C · Several requests reuse one TCP connection, avoiding repeated handshakes
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