1.Easy
How many layers does the OSI reference model have?
- A5
- B9
- C4
- D7
2.Easy
What does a VPN mainly provide?
- AAn encrypted tunnel across an untrusted network such as the internet
- BAutomatic backup of files to a server
- CA faster physical connection to the internet through a dedicated line
- DA free public IP address for every device
3.Easy
In which network topology is every device connected to one central switch or hub?
- ARing
- BFull mesh
- CBus
- DStar
4.Medium
Which protocol does the "ping" command use?
- AICMP
- BTCP
- CUDP
- DHTTP
5.Medium
Which range of TCP/UDP port numbers is reserved as "well-known" ports?
- A49152–65535
- B0–65535
- C1024–49151
- D0–1023
6.Medium
NAT (network address translation) is mainly used to:
- ATranslate domain names into IP addresses for devices on a local network
- BEncrypt traffic between two sites
- CLet many devices with private addresses share one public IP address
- DIncrease the speed of a network cable
7.Hard
A DNS cache poisoning attack aims to:
- AMake a resolver store a false IP address for a domain
- BSteal Wi-Fi passwords
- CDelete DNS servers
- DOverload a server with traffic so that it stops answering queries
8.Hard
What is the main benefit of persistent connections (keep-alive) in HTTP/1.1?
- AThe server can push updates over UDP
- BResponses can arrive in any order on one stream, so slow replies do not block others
- CThe connection stays encrypted without TLS
- DSeveral requests reuse one TCP connection, avoiding repeated handshakes
Answer key
- 1. D · 7
- 2. A · An encrypted tunnel across an untrusted network such as the internet
- 3. D · Star
- 4. A · ICMP
- 5. D · 0–1023
- 6. C · Let many devices with private addresses share one public IP address
- 7. A · Make a resolver store a false IP address for a domain
- 8. D · Several requests reuse one TCP connection, avoiding repeated handshakes
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