A 6 m thick layer of normally consolidated clay (Cc = 0.25, e₀ = 0.6) has an effective vertical stress of 130 kPa at its mid-depth. A wide fill raises the vertical stress in the clay by 85 kPa. Treat the layer as one sublayer with the stresses at its mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
A 3 m thick normally consolidated clay layer (γsat = 18.5 kN/m³, Cc = 0.4, e₀ = 1.05) lies below 2.5 m of sand (γ = 19 kN/m³). The water table is at the top of the clay; use γw = 9.81 kN/m³. A wide fill raises the vertical stress throughout the clay by 130 kPa. Treat the layer as one sublayer with the stresses at its mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
A 2 m thick overconsolidated clay layer has Cc = 0.3, Cr = 0.03 and e₀ = 0.8. At its mid-depth the effective vertical stress is 50 kPa and the overconsolidation ratio is OCR = 2.5. A new building adds 100 kPa of vertical stress at mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
A 4 m thick overconsolidated clay layer has Cc = 0.25, Cr = 0.05 and e₀ = 0.9. At its mid-depth the effective vertical stress is 45 kPa and the preconsolidation pressure is 135 kPa. A new building adds 160 kPa of vertical stress at mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
In a laboratory oedometer test, a clay specimen 20 mm thick, drained at the top and bottom, reaches 50% consolidation in 5 min. In the field the same clay forms a layer 10 m thick. It lies on impervious rock, with sand above it, so water drains out only at the top. How many days t does the field layer take to reach 50% consolidation?
A clay layer 9.5 m thick has a coefficient of consolidation cv = 1.5 m²/year. It lies on impervious rock, with sand above it, so water drains out only at the top. For 60% average consolidation the time factor is Tv = 0.287. How many years t does the layer take to reach 60% consolidation?
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