A 3 m thick layer of normally consolidated clay (Cc = 0.3, e₀ = 0.65) has an effective vertical stress of 45 kPa at its mid-depth. A wide fill raises the vertical stress in the clay by 40 kPa. Treat the layer as one sublayer with the stresses at its mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
A 2.5 m thick layer of normally consolidated clay (Cc = 0.3, e₀ = 1.1) has an effective vertical stress of 120 kPa at its mid-depth. A wide fill raises the vertical stress in the clay by 30 kPa. Treat the layer as one sublayer with the stresses at its mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
An 8 m thick overconsolidated clay layer has Cc = 0.3, Cr = 0.06 and e₀ = 0.95. At its mid-depth the effective vertical stress is 65 kPa and the preconsolidation pressure is 145 kPa. A new building adds 190 kPa of vertical stress at mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
A 3 m thick overconsolidated clay layer has Cc = 0.3, Cr = 0.02 and e₀ = 1.15. At its mid-depth the effective vertical stress is 95 kPa and the preconsolidation pressure is 135 kPa. A new building adds 110 kPa of vertical stress at mid-depth. Find the primary consolidation settlement S in mm.
In a laboratory oedometer test, a clay specimen 25 mm thick, drained at the top and bottom, reaches 50% consolidation in 10 min. In the field the same clay forms a layer 8.5 m thick. It lies on impervious rock, with sand above it, so water drains out only at the top. How many days t does the field layer take to reach 50% consolidation?
A clay layer 5 m thick has a coefficient of consolidation cv = 2.5 m²/year. It lies between two sand layers, so water drains out at the top and the bottom. For 60% average consolidation the time factor is Tv = 0.287. How many years t does the layer take to reach 60% consolidation?
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