1.Easy
Under the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949, the House of Lords can generally delay most public bills passed by the Commons for about:
- AOne week
- BAs long as it wishes
- COne year
- DFive years
2.Easy
Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights protects:
- AFreedom of assembly
- BThe right to free elections
- CThe right to life
- DThe right to a fair trial
3.Easy
The separation of powers divides state power between:
- AParliament, the monarch and the church
- BThe legislature, the executive and the judiciary
- CThe central, regional and local tiers of government
- DThe police, the army and the courts
4.Medium
A minister refuses to refer a complaint to a committee because the result might embarrass the government. In Padfield v Minister of Agriculture, the House of Lords held:
- AThe minister had unlimited discretion
- BThe refusal was unlawful, as it frustrated the purpose of the Act
- CThe refusal was lawful, since the Act imposed no duty to give reasons
- DOnly Parliament could question the minister
5.Medium
In CCSU v Minister for the Civil Service (the GCHQ case), Lord Diplock classified the grounds of judicial review as:
- ALegality, legitimacy and proportionality
- BFraud, mistake and duress
- CIllegality, irrationality and procedural impropriety
- DJurisdiction, motive and fairness
6.Medium
In Marbury v Madison (1803), the US Supreme Court established:
- AThe power of Congress to overrule decisions of the federal judiciary
- BThe right to bear arms
- CThe power of courts to review the constitutionality of legislation
- DThe President's veto power
7.Hard
The Wednesbury unreasonableness test asks whether a decision is:
- AUnpopular with the public
- BSo unreasonable that no reasonable authority could have made it
- CSlightly less than ideal
- DDifferent from what the judge would have decided on the same evidence
8.Hard
After a court makes a declaration of incompatibility, section 10 of the UK Human Rights Act 1998 allows a minister to:
- AOverrule the court's declaration
- BAmend the incompatible legislation by a remedial order
- CSuspend the Convention right in question
- DRefer the case directly to Strasbourg
Answer key
- 1. C · One year
- 2. D · The right to a fair trial
- 3. B · The legislature, the executive and the judiciary
- 4. B · The refusal was unlawful, as it frustrated the purpose of the Act
- 5. C · Illegality, irrationality and procedural impropriety
- 6. C · The power of courts to review the constitutionality of legislation
- 7. B · So unreasonable that no reasonable authority could have made it
- 8. B · Amend the incompatible legislation by a remedial order
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