1.Easy
A writ of habeas corpus:
- APermits the government to search private homes
- BOrders a public body to perform a statutory duty
- CRequires a detained person to be brought before a court so that the legality of the detention can be tested
- DAllows the police to detain a suspect without charge for up to a week while a court reviews the evidence against them
2.Easy
A constitutional monarchy is one in which the monarch:
- AIs elected by parliament every five years
- BHolds all legislative and executive power personally, and ministers merely advise on request
- CLeads the governing political party
- DIs head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
3.Easy
The Dutch Parliament (Staten-Generaal) consists of:
- AThe House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer) and the Senate (Eerste Kamer)
- BThe Council of State and the Supreme Court
- CThe provincial councils and municipal councils
- DThe King and the Council of Ministers
4.Medium
In the GCHQ case, the House of Lords held that the exercise of prerogative powers:
- ACan be reviewed only if Parliament agrees
- BIs always fully reviewable, whatever subject matter it concerns
- CCan be judicially reviewed, depending on its subject matter
- DCan never be reviewed by the courts
5.Medium
In Bellinger v Bellinger, the House of Lords could not read the marriage law to recognise a trans woman's marriage to a man, so it:
- ARead the statute compatibly under section 3
- BReferred the case to Strasbourg
- CStruck down the relevant provision
- DMade a declaration of incompatibility
6.Medium
In Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza, the House of Lords used section 3 of the Human Rights Act to read "as his or her wife or husband" in the Rent Act as:
- AIncluding same-sex partners
- BExcluding all unmarried partners
- CApplying only to registered marriages
- DIncompatible, so it issued a declaration
7.Hard
The "dualist" approach to international law means that:
- ATreaties must be incorporated into national law before courts apply them domestically
- BInternational law applies automatically in national courts as soon as a treaty is ratified
- CCourts must apply only international law
- DTreaties cannot be signed without a referendum
8.Hard
In Germany, an individual who claims a public authority has violated their basic rights may, after exhausting other remedies, bring:
- AA request to the Federal President to veto
- BA case to the European Court of Justice
- CA petition directly to the Bundestag's President
- DA constitutional complaint to the Federal Constitutional Court
Answer key
- 1. C · Requires a detained person to be brought before a court so that the legality of the detention can be tested
- 2. D · Is head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
- 3. A · The House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer) and the Senate (Eerste Kamer)
- 4. C · Can be judicially reviewed, depending on its subject matter
- 5. D · Made a declaration of incompatibility
- 6. A · Including same-sex partners
- 7. A · Treaties must be incorporated into national law before courts apply them domestically
- 8. D · A constitutional complaint to the Federal Constitutional Court
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