Criminal law worksheet with answers

In English law, a common assault (in the narrow sense) is committed when the defendant:

1. ACauses the victim serious bodily harm
2. BCauses the victim to apprehend immediate unlawful force
3. CDamages the victim's property
4. DActually applies unlawful force to the victim's body, however slight

Unlawful act manslaughter is a form of:

1. AInvoluntary manslaughter
2. BAttempted murder
3. CDiminished responsibility
4. DVoluntary manslaughter

In Dutch criminal law, what distinguishes "moord" (Article 289 Sr) from "doodslag" (Article 287 Sr)?

1. AMoord requires more than one victim
2. BMoord can only be committed against a police officer
3. CMoord requires the use of a weapon
4. DMoord requires premeditation (voorbedachte raad)

D makes repeated silent phone calls to V, causing her psychiatric illness. Following R v Ireland, D can be guilty of:

1. AOnly harassment, because no force was used
2. BNo offence, because words or silence can never amount to an assault in law
3. CAn assault, as silent calls can cause apprehension of immediate force
4. DOnly a civil wrong, because no physical harm occurred

D, who honestly but wrongly believes V is attacking a stranger, punches V. Following R v Williams (Gladstone), D:

1. AIs liable, because the mistake was about the facts
2. BMust prove the belief on the balance of probabilities
3. CIs judged on the facts as D honestly believed them to be
4. DIs liable, because the mistaken belief was not based on reasonable grounds

D takes his own car from a garage without paying for repairs. Following R v Turner (No 2), D can be guilty of theft because:

1. AD intended to return the car later
2. BThe car was worth more after the repairs
3. COwners who take back their own property are always acting dishonestly
4. DProperty belongs to anyone who has possession or control of it

In Airedale NHS Trust v Bland (1993), the House of Lords held that withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from a patient in a persistent vegetative state:

1. AWas lawful only because the patient's family had given consent, which is required for any such withdrawal
2. BWas an omission that was lawful because continued treatment was no longer in the patient's best interests
3. CWas a positive act of killing, amounting to murder
4. DWas lawful because the patient had made an advance decision

In R v Cheshire, the court held that negligent medical treatment of a gunshot victim:

1. ABroke the chain of causation whenever it was negligent enough to be the immediate medical cause of death, even if the wound still operated
2. BDid not break the chain of causation unless it was so independent and potent that the original wound became insignificant
3. CMakes the doctors liable for murder
4. DAlways breaks the chain of causation