1.Easy
Under section 4 of the Theft Act 1968, which of these cannot normally be stolen?
- AA bicycle
- BMoney
- CA bank balance
- DLand
2.Easy
Under the Criminal Damage Act 1971, criminal damage by fire is charged as:
- AAggravated theft
- BArson
- CBurglary
- DAffray
3.Easy
In English law, rape is defined in which statute?
- AThe Protection from Harassment Act 1997
- BThe Offences Against the Person Act 1861
- CThe Sexual Offences Act 2003
- DThe Criminal Justice Act 1988
4.Medium
Causation in criminal law requires that the defendant's act was:
- AMorally wrong
- BIntended to cause the result in every case
- CThe only cause of the result
- DA factual and legal cause of the result
5.Medium
D, a diabetic, takes insulin, skips food, becomes hypoglycaemic and hits V without knowing what he is doing. D may rely on:
- ADuress of circumstances, because D was ill
- BNon-insane automatism, because an external factor caused the episode
- CInsanity, because diabetes is a disease affecting the functioning of the mind
- DDiminished responsibility, because harm was caused
6.Medium
D buys a substance believing it is heroin and intends to sell it on. In fact it is harmless powder. Following R v Shivpuri, D is:
- AGuilty of the full offence of dealing drugs
- BGuilty of attempt, as impossibility is no defence under the 1981 Act
- CNot guilty, because the substance was harmless
- DNot guilty, because attempting the impossible is no offence under the 1981 Act
7.Hard
In R v G (2003), the House of Lords defined recklessness as:
- AIntention to cause harm
- BAwareness of a risk that it was unreasonable to take in the circumstances
- CFailure to notice an obvious risk that a reasonable person would have seen
- DAny careless behaviour
8.Hard
In R v Malcherek and Steel (1981), doctors switched off life-support machines after diagnosing brain death. The court held:
- AThe doctors became the legal cause of death by deliberately switching off the machines
- BThe defendants were guilty only of attempted murder
- CThe victims died of natural causes in law
- DSwitching off did not break the chain; the original assailants caused the deaths
Answer key
- 1. D · Land
- 2. B · Arson
- 3. C · The Sexual Offences Act 2003
- 4. D · A factual and legal cause of the result
- 5. B · Non-insane automatism, because an external factor caused the episode
- 6. B · Guilty of attempt, as impossibility is no defence under the 1981 Act
- 7. B · Awareness of a risk that it was unreasonable to take in the circumstances
- 8. D · Switching off did not break the chain; the original assailants caused the deaths
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