1.Easy
Which Act provides the statutory framework for reasonable force in self-defence and householder cases in England and Wales?
- AThe Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
- BThe Human Rights Act 1998
- CThe Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
- DThe Sexual Offences Act 2003
2.Easy
In English law, rape is defined in which statute?
- AThe Sexual Offences Act 2003
- BThe Criminal Justice Act 1988
- CThe Offences Against the Person Act 1861
- DThe Protection from Harassment Act 1997
3.Easy
In Dutch criminal law, "noodweer" (Article 41(1) Sr) is:
- AA rule allowing police to stop and search people
- BA form of preparation for committing a crime
- CA justification for necessary defence against an immediate unlawful attack
- DAn excuse based on a strong emotional disturbance caused by an unlawful attack
4.Medium
D gets drunk voluntarily, mistakenly believes he is being attacked and stabs V. Under English law, D:
- AIs automatically guilty of murder
- BCannot rely on a drunken mistaken belief in self-defence
- CCan always rely on any honest belief, however it arose, in self-defence
- DHas a complete defence of intoxication
5.Medium
D drinks heavily to gain courage before killing V, as planned. Following A-G for Northern Ireland v Gallagher, D:
- ACan rely on intoxication because murder is a specific intent offence
- BCannot rely on intoxication, because the intent to kill was formed before drinking
- CCan only be guilty of manslaughter
- DHas a defence of involuntary intoxication
6.Medium
A, a lifeguard paid to watch a pool, reads a magazine while a child drowns. A could be liable for an omission because of:
- AHaving created the dangerous situation
- BBeing the only person who saw the child
- CA contractual duty to act
- DA special relationship with the child's parents
7.Hard
Which principle comes from DPP v Majewski (1977)?
- AIntoxication can never be considered by a jury
- BVoluntary intoxication is no defence to crimes of basic intent
- CInvoluntary intoxication is always a complete defence
- DDrunkenness reduces murder to manslaughter in every case
8.Hard
In Airedale NHS Trust v Bland (1993), the House of Lords held that withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from a patient in a persistent vegetative state:
- AWas a positive act of killing, amounting to murder
- BWas lawful only because the patient's family had given consent, which is required for any such withdrawal
- CWas lawful because the patient had made an advance decision
- DWas an omission that was lawful because continued treatment was no longer in the patient's best interests
Answer key
- 1. C · The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
- 2. A · The Sexual Offences Act 2003
- 3. C · A justification for necessary defence against an immediate unlawful attack
- 4. B · Cannot rely on a drunken mistaken belief in self-defence
- 5. B · Cannot rely on intoxication, because the intent to kill was formed before drinking
- 6. C · A contractual duty to act
- 7. B · Voluntary intoxication is no defence to crimes of basic intent
- 8. D · Was an omission that was lawful because continued treatment was no longer in the patient's best interests
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