1.Easy
A child focuses only on the height of the liquid in a glass and ignores its width. Piaget called this:
- AAnimism
- BObject permanence
- CAccommodation
- DCentration
2.Easy
Egocentrism in Piaget's preoperational stage means children:
- APrefer to play alone
- BOnly think about food
- CFind it hard to see things from another person's viewpoint
- DAre selfish and refuse to share their toys with other children
3.Easy
Wariness or fear when an unfamiliar person approaches, typically appearing in the second half of the first year, is called:
- ASeparation anxiety
- BStranger anxiety
- CImprinting
- DSocial referencing
4.Medium
A student is actively trying out different majors and values but has not committed to any yet. In Marcia's model, this is:
- AIdentity diffusion
- BIdentity achievement
- CMoratorium
- DForeclosure
5.Medium
According to Piaget, assimilation means:
- AChanging an existing schema to fit new information
- BFitting new information into an existing schema
- CForgetting an old schema
- DCopying the behaviour of a model
6.Medium
In Vygotsky's theory, an older sibling who helps a child learn to tie shoelaces is acting as:
- AA formal operational thinker
- BA more knowledgeable other
- CAn imaginary audience
- DA primary attachment figure
7.Hard
In Hughes' "policeman doll" study, most children aged 3½–5 could hide a boy doll where two policemen could not see him. How does this relate to Piaget's three mountains task?
- AIt suggests young children are less egocentric when the task makes sense to them
- BIt shows that children cannot take any other person's viewpoint before about age 7
- CIt shows that conservation develops before age 3
- DIt confirms that young children are fully egocentric
8.Hard
Harlow's monkeys raised in isolation with only surrogate mothers later showed which outcome?
- ACompletely normal adult social behaviour
- BStrong attachment to the wire mother as adults
- CBetter problem solving than monkeys that had been reared by real mothers
- DAbnormal social behaviour and difficulty caring for their own young
Answer key
- 1. D · Centration
- 2. C · Find it hard to see things from another person's viewpoint
- 3. B · Stranger anxiety
- 4. C · Moratorium
- 5. B · Fitting new information into an existing schema
- 6. B · A more knowledgeable other
- 7. A · It suggests young children are less egocentric when the task makes sense to them
- 8. D · Abnormal social behaviour and difficulty caring for their own young
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