1.Easy
Wariness or fear when an unfamiliar person approaches, typically appearing in the second half of the first year, is called:
- AStranger anxiety
- BSocial referencing
- CSeparation anxiety
- DImprinting
2.Easy
According to Erikson, the main conflict of adolescence is:
- AIdentity versus role confusion
- BIntegrity versus despair
- CTrust versus mistrust
- DIntimacy versus isolation
3.Easy
A teratogen is:
- AA gene that controls the timing of puberty in teens
- BAn outside agent that can harm prenatal development
- CA hormone released by the placenta to start labour
- DA reflex that is present in newborn babies only
4.Medium
A 9-month-old finds a toy hidden under cloth A several times. The toy is then hidden under cloth B in full view, but the infant searches under A again. This is:
- AConservation failure
- BAnimism
- CCentration
- DThe A-not-B error
5.Medium
Which concept refers to a period when a child is especially sensitive to certain experiences?
- AAccommodation
- BHabituation
- CCritical (sensitive) period
- DObject permanence
6.Medium
According to Piaget, assimilation means:
- AChanging an existing schema to fit new information
- BCopying the behaviour of a model
- CForgetting an old schema
- DFitting new information into an existing schema
7.Hard
Van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg's meta-analysis of Strange Situation studies in many countries found that:
- AAvoidant attachment was the most common type in nearly every country studied
- BSecure was most common everywhere; variation within countries was larger
- CSecure attachment was common only in Western, individualist countries
- DAttachment type proportions were the same in every country studied
8.Hard
A teacher plans maths lessons. Which plan fits Vygotsky's view better than Piaget's?
- APair pupils with a more skilled partner and give guided help just beyond their level
- BLet pupils discover the rules alone with no adult guidance
- CTeach only the tasks that pupils can already complete independently, without any help
- DWait until pupils reach the right stage before teaching the topic
Answer key
- 1. A · Stranger anxiety
- 2. A · Identity versus role confusion
- 3. B · An outside agent that can harm prenatal development
- 4. D · The A-not-B error
- 5. C · Critical (sensitive) period
- 6. D · Fitting new information into an existing schema
- 7. B · Secure was most common everywhere; variation within countries was larger
- 8. A · Pair pupils with a more skilled partner and give guided help just beyond their level
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.