1.Easy
A teratogen is:
- AA hormone released by the placenta to start labour
- BA gene that controls the timing of puberty in teens
- CA reflex that is present in newborn babies only
- DAn outside agent that can harm prenatal development
2.Easy
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is caused by:
- AAlcohol exposure before birth
- BA single inherited gene
- CToo little sleep during infancy
- DDrinking alcohol in early childhood
3.Easy
A baby throws its arms outwards and then pulls them in after a sudden loud noise. This is the:
- AMoro reflex
- BSucking reflex
- CStepping reflex
- DRooting reflex
4.Medium
Which concept refers to a period when a child is especially sensitive to certain experiences?
- AHabituation
- BAccommodation
- CCritical (sensitive) period
- DObject permanence
5.Medium
Which ability is most likely to decline from early adulthood onwards?
- AGeneral knowledge about the world
- BKnowledge of word meanings
- CSpeed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- DExpertise in one's own profession
6.Medium
A 1-year-old says "up!" while raising her arms, meaning "Pick me up". A single word used to express a whole idea is called a:
- AHolophrase
- BPhoneme
- CMorpheme
- DTelegraphic sentence
7.Hard
In Hughes' "policeman doll" study, most children aged 3½–5 could hide a boy doll where two policemen could not see him. How does this relate to Piaget's three mountains task?
- AIt suggests young children are less egocentric when the task makes sense to them
- BIt confirms that young children are fully egocentric
- CIt shows that children cannot take any other person's viewpoint before about age 7
- DIt shows that conservation develops before age 3
8.Hard
Adolescents take more risks in a driving game when friends are watching, but adults are less affected. Steinberg explains this mainly by:
- AAdolescents being unable to understand the rules of the driving game
- BReward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
- CAdolescents having faster reaction times than adults do
- DAdults being less aware of risks than adolescents are
Answer key
- 1. D · An outside agent that can harm prenatal development
- 2. A · Alcohol exposure before birth
- 3. A · Moro reflex
- 4. C · Critical (sensitive) period
- 5. C · Speed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- 6. A · Holophrase
- 7. A · It suggests young children are less egocentric when the task makes sense to them
- 8. B · Reward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
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