1.Easy
Konrad Lorenz found that goslings followed the first moving object they saw after hatching. This is called:
- AScaffolding
- BAssimilation
- CImprinting
- DHabituation
2.Easy
At what age do most children say their first words?
- AAround 3 months
- BAround 30 months
- CAround 12 months
- DAround 5 years
3.Easy
Which period of prenatal development comes first?
- AGerminal
- BEmbryonic
- CNeonatal
- DFetal
4.Medium
Older adults often prefer spending time with a few close friends rather than meeting new people. Carstensen's socioemotional selectivity theory explains this as:
- AFocusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- BA gradual loss of social skills that tends to come with increasing age
- CFear of strangers that grows steadily in later life
- DA decline in crystallised intelligence and memory
5.Medium
The Sally–Anne task is used to test whether a child has:
- AConservation of number
- BTheory of mind
- CSecure attachment
- DObject permanence
6.Medium
Which ability is most likely to decline from early adulthood onwards?
- AKnowledge of word meanings
- BExpertise in one's own profession
- CSpeed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- DGeneral knowledge about the world
7.Hard
Samuel and Bryant asked children about conservation only once, after the transformation, instead of before and after. Their results showed that:
- AChildren did better, suggesting the two-question format misled them
- BChildren did worse than in Piaget's version, so he overestimated them
- CThe number of questions asked made no difference to the results
- DNo child could conserve before age 11 in either version of the task
8.Hard
Van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg's meta-analysis of Strange Situation studies in many countries found that:
- ASecure attachment was common only in Western, individualist countries
- BSecure was most common everywhere; variation within countries was larger
- CAvoidant attachment was the most common type in nearly every country studied
- DAttachment type proportions were the same in every country studied
Answer key
- 1. C · Imprinting
- 2. C · Around 12 months
- 3. A · Germinal
- 4. A · Focusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- 5. B · Theory of mind
- 6. C · Speed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- 7. A · Children did better, suggesting the two-question format misled them
- 8. B · Secure was most common everywhere; variation within countries was larger
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