1.Easy
Harlow's monkey experiments showed that infant monkeys preferred:
- ABeing alone to having any mother
- BA wire mother with food over a cloth mother without any food
- COther infant monkeys only
- DA soft cloth mother without food over a wire mother with food
2.Easy
A child understands that she will stay a girl even if she cuts her hair short or plays football. Kohlberg called this:
- AGender constancy
- BGender typing
- CGender role
- DGender schema
3.Easy
Which researcher used the "Strange Situation" to classify attachment types?
- ALev Vygotsky
- BMary Ainsworth
- CErik Erikson
- DHarry Harlow
4.Medium
According to Piaget, assimilation means:
- AFitting new information into an existing schema
- BCopying the behaviour of a model
- CChanging an existing schema to fit new information
- DForgetting an old schema
5.Medium
Habituation in infant research is used to show that babies:
- ACan tell two stimuli apart because interest returns when the stimulus changes
- BBecome drowsy and sleep more when the same stimulus is presented over and over again
- CAre born with full adult vision
- DPrefer their own reflection
6.Medium
A 9-month-old finds a toy hidden under cloth A several times. The toy is then hidden under cloth B in full view, but the infant searches under A again. This is:
- ACentration
- BConservation failure
- CThe A-not-B error
- DAnimism
7.Hard
Hazan and Shaver's "love quiz" found that adults' romantic attachment styles:
- AWere completely unrelated to how people recalled their childhood
- BChanged completely from one relationship to the next at random
- CMatched infant type proportions and related to recalled childhood care
- DWere nearly all insecure-avoidant, unlike the proportions of infant types
8.Hard
A critic argues that Piaget underestimated young children. Which finding supports this?
- AInfants show no memory of hidden objects at all
- BAdults rarely reason abstractly
- CChildren never pass false-belief tasks before age 7
- DChildren conserve number earlier when the task is changed so the transformation seems accidental
Answer key
- 1. D · A soft cloth mother without food over a wire mother with food
- 2. A · Gender constancy
- 3. B · Mary Ainsworth
- 4. A · Fitting new information into an existing schema
- 5. A · Can tell two stimuli apart because interest returns when the stimulus changes
- 6. C · The A-not-B error
- 7. C · Matched infant type proportions and related to recalled childhood care
- 8. D · Children conserve number earlier when the task is changed so the transformation seems accidental
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