1.Easy
Wariness or fear when an unfamiliar person approaches, typically appearing in the second half of the first year, is called:
- AImprinting
- BSeparation anxiety
- CStranger anxiety
- DSocial referencing
2.Easy
Knowledge and vocabulary built up over a lifetime, which tend to stay stable or grow with age, are called:
- AEmotional intelligence
- BFluid intelligence
- CProcessing speed
- DCrystallised intelligence
3.Easy
A girl's first menstrual period is called:
- AMenopause
- BSpermarche
- CAdrenarche
- DMenarche
4.Medium
Older adults often prefer spending time with a few close friends rather than meeting new people. Carstensen's socioemotional selectivity theory explains this as:
- AA decline in crystallised intelligence and memory
- BFear of strangers that grows steadily in later life
- CFocusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- DA gradual loss of social skills that tends to come with increasing age
5.Medium
Which feature is typical of infant-directed speech ("parentese")?
- ALong sentences with complex grammar
- BFast speech with very few pauses
- CA flat, quiet and monotonous tone
- DHigher pitch and exaggerated intonation
6.Medium
A parent sets strict rules, expects obedience without discussion and says "Because I said so". This style is:
- APermissive
- BAuthoritarian
- CUninvolved
- DAuthoritative
7.Hard
Main's Adult Attachment Interview found that parents who describe their own childhood in a coherent, balanced way tend to have infants who:
- ADevelop formal operational thought earlier
- BShow no attachment at all
- CAre securely attached in the Strange Situation
- DAre always insecure-avoidant
8.Hard
On a visual cliff set to a moderate drop, most infants crossed when their mother smiled but few crossed when she showed fear. This shows:
- AThat infants cannot perceive depth
- BSocial referencing: using a caregiver's emotion to guide behaviour
- CImprinting on the mother's face
- DThat infants ignore their caregivers' facial expressions in new situations
Answer key
- 1. C · Stranger anxiety
- 2. D · Crystallised intelligence
- 3. D · Menarche
- 4. C · Focusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- 5. D · Higher pitch and exaggerated intonation
- 6. B · Authoritarian
- 7. C · Are securely attached in the Strange Situation
- 8. B · Social referencing: using a caregiver's emotion to guide behaviour
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